MODERN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY: SECOND EDITION Phần 6 ppt

... 2003 Consumption, tons 885 8 06 784 819 870 Cost, US$/kg 6. 29 7.48 8 .69 10.22 11.94 Consumption, US$ millions 5,571 6, 025 6, 814 8,370 10,390 Herbicides 1,750 1,970 2,180 2 ,60 0 3,150 Insecticides 2,318 ... 10 10 10 – 24 h – – – – – 12 O 3 30 min – – – 200 – – 1 h 200 200 160 – 235 128 8 h 120 – – – – – SPM 24 h 260 330 230 180 260 200 Annual 90 100 90 – 75 100 Lead 24 h – 10 2 – – –...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... bird 1.5 0.08 Soil → insect → bird 6. 4 0.40 Soil → leaf → mammal 48 3 .6 Soil → seed → mammal 9.4 0 .68 Soil → worm → mammal 1.9 0.12 Soil → insect → mammal 8.3 0 .61 BIOGEOCHEMICAL STANDARDS 53 far, ... deficit; 3—Ca deficit and Sr excess; 4—Se deficit. 5 6 Forest Steppe and Steppe region of biosphere. Biogeochemical provinces: 5—I deficitin floodplain soils; 6 disturbedratio of Ca:P.7–10—D...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 20.4 ∗ 0.02–0.15 15.9 ∗ γ −HCH 0. 06 0.13 22 .6 ∗ 0.03–0.15 23.2 ∗ δ−HCH 0. 06 3.1 ∗ 0.03–0.11 12 .6 ∗ Isomers sum of HCH 0.14–0.40 74.8 ∗∗ 0. 16 0 .61 45.3 ∗∗ DDT 0.14–0.21 25.2 ∗∗ 0.10–0 .66 54.7 ∗∗ ∗ Relative ... reservoirs 0.2–0.3 ∗∗ 0.1–0.9 ∗∗ 0.2–4.0 ∗∗ 0.02–0.50 ∗∗ 0.02 ∗∗ 0.02–0.10 ∗∗ 2–98 ∗∗ Ivan’kovsk and Klyazma reservoirs 0.08–0.1 76 ∗ 0.059–0. 066 ∗ 0.075–0.077 ∗ Galiulin a....

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... transformation scheme 365 2.3. Removal processes 365 2.4. Model development 366 3. Trans-boundary air pollution by lead, cadmium and mercury in Europe 366 3.1. Pollution levels in Europe 366 3.2. Depositions ... POLLUTION 361 1. Monitoring of heavy metals in Europe 361 1.1. Emissions of heavy metals in Europe 361 1.2. Re-emission of mercury 363 2. Modeling of HM cycling 364 2.1. Atm...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 1 960 1 965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1995 All tumors 80.1 91.7 1 86. 8 117 .6 137.7 140.0 130.2 213.8 Stomach cancer — 12.4 32 .6 23 .6 19.7 12.1 19.1 32.7 Esophagal cancer — 28.1 86. 1 51.8 56. 3 52.9 49 .6 ... DDE HCH Middle flow 0.0 26 0.095 0.001–0.012 0. 068 –0.14 Kzyl-Orda city 0.04–0.09 0.009–0. 06 0. 065 –0.14 Kazalinsk city 0.03–0.11 0.00–0.012 0.05–0.09 Delta, Aral Sea 0. 068 0.1 16...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 161 Ba 390 65 4 56 76 465 71 578 22 Ti 102 100 170 330 113 130 86 110 Cu 86 86 88 60 107 90 124 51 Pb 64 60 62 130 84 77 11 85 Sr 43 60 73 88 35 85 33 84 Zr 38 36 33 61 20 27 28 48 Cr 28 51 26 ... kg/ha/yr 76 170 315 85 Trace element turnover, g/ha/yr Fe 304.0 68 0.0 1, 260 .0 1,500.0 Mn 364 .0 8 16. 0 1,512.0 75.1 Sr 53.0 119.0 221.0 68 .0 Ti 49.4 111.0 205.0 401.2 Zn 45 ....

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... Grasses Forage crops Sr 1 ,61 6.7 458.8 971.4 Ba 341.7 255.0 729.9 Mn 550.0 1,092.4 1,093.5 Ti 203 .6 627.8 490 .6 Ni 20.5 35.0 26. 1 Pb 14.9 19.2 20.9 Zr 10.0 13 .6 20.0 V 9.1 50 .6 31.4 is higher than ... 934.0 265 .0 242.0 900.0 Ba 215.0 210.0 65 .0 47.0 35.8 Sr 200.0 131.4 142.1 4 06. 7 253.8 Pb 110.0 94.3 41.8 35.0 112.0 Cu 35.0 26. 4 27.9 174.8 39.8 V 20.0 20.9 15.5 19 .6 5.8 Ni 8...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... <0.005–0.009 0 23–0.75 (6) (6) (6) (6) (3) (0) (6) (1) (6) Nonpregnant 220 ± 70 0.14 ± 0.04 31 ± 10 1.0 ± 0.1 0.074 <0.04 0.025 ± 0.030 0.008 0 .66 ± 0.55 14.5–41.5 yean 99–330 0.09–0.22 16 45 0.7–1.1 ... 1992–94 3 Immature 76 7.4 7.9 1.1 Japan (71–80) (3.2–12) (3.4–13) (0.58–1 .6) Larga seal Sea of Okhotsk, Japan 19 96 8 Adult 83 3.2 2.8 0.33 (67 –89) (1.4 6. 5) (1.5–5.0) (0.21–0...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... air pollution in some European countries in 2001 (data on Eastern European countries are given in black). 366 CHAPTER 18 2.4. Model Development The following modifications of the models have been conducted ... 2–1 86, 000 1,000–200,000 Including B[a]P 1–130 2.7–50,000 Total PCBs 0.1–1,000 10–10,000 Total DDT n.d. ∗ –70,000 10–100 Total (α, β, γ )HCH n.d.–1,000 5–100 HCB 0.01–10 1.2 Total PCDD...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59, 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70, 71, 72, 73, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 90, 92, 93, ... Hg, 35, 58, 60 , 63 , 64 , 69 , 70, 72, 73, 80, 81, 95, 121, 122, 215, 2 16, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 298,303, 361 , 363 , 364 , 365 , 366 , 369 , 370, 371,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20