Ocean Modelling for Beginners Phần 1 doc

... SampleCodeandAnimationScript 11 1 Contents xiii 5.9 Exercise 13 : Inclusion of Nonlinear Terms . . 11 1 5.9 .1 Aim 11 1 5.9.2 Formulation of the Nonlinear Terms . . . . . . 11 1 5.9.3 SampleCode 11 1 5.9.4 Results 11 2 5 .10 Exercise14:IslandWakes ... . . . 11 5 5 .10 .5 Full-Slip,Semi-SlipandNo-SlipConditions 11 5 5 .10 .6 TaskDescription 11 6 5 .10 .7 SampleCode 11 7 5 .10 .8 Re...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 04:20

... K ¨ ampf, Ocean Modelling for Beginners, DOI 10 .10 07/978-3-642-00820-7 6, C  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 11 9 5 .10 Exercise 14 : Island Wakes 11 7 5 .10 .7 Sample Code The folder “Exercise 14 ” ... B n k +0.5Ψ  r + k  1 − C + e  B n k +1 − B n k  B − e = B n k +1 −0.5Ψ  r − k  1 + C − e  B n k +1 − B n k  B + w = B n k 1 +0.5Ψ  r + k 1  1...

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... 65.6 55.959.0 65. 31 53 .1 74.78 47.8 84.343.0 93.87 38.7 10 3.49 34.9 11 3 .14 31. 4 12 2.82 28.2 13 2.54 25.4 14 2.29 22.9 15 2.06 20.6 16 1. 85 18 .5 17 1. 67 16 .7 18 1. 515 .0 19 1. 35 13 .5 20 1. 22 12 .2 21 1.09 10 .9 22 ... eta(0:nx +1) ! sea-level elevation REAL :: w(0:nz +1, 0:nx +1) ! vertical velocity With nx =11 and nz =5, for instance, “eta” obtains 11...

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... 0.727 10 −5 s 1 , as in the above example, this inertial radius is about 4.8 km. 3 .13 The Coriolis Force on Earth 3 .13 .1 The Local Vertical In rotating fluid at rest, the centrifugal force is ... lines) 3 .12 The Coriolis Force 49 where n is time level and Δt is time step. The trajectory of our flui parcel can be predicted with: X n +1 = X n +Δt ·U n +1 and Y n +1 = Y n +Δt · V n +1...

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... sense. For example, we take h w = h n k 1 for u n +1 k 1 > 0, but h w = h n k for u n +1 k 1 < 0. This can be elegantly formulated by means of: η ∗ k = η n k −Δt/Δx  u + k h n k +u − k h n k +1 −u + k 1 h n k 1 −u − k 1 h n k  (4 .19 ) where u + k = ... η n k −Δt/Δx  u + k h n k +u − k h n k +1 −u + k 1 h n k 1 −u − k 1 h n k  (4 .19 ) where u + k = 0.5  u n +1...

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... η 3 . . . P nz 1 = P nz−2 +(ρ nz 1 −ρ nz−2 ) g η nz 1 P nz = P nz 1 +(ρ nz −ρ nz 1 ) g η nz which can be written in generalised form as: P i = P i 1 −(ρ i −ρ i 1 ) g η i for i = 1, 2, 3, ,nz (4.23) where ... finite difference form as: u n +1 j,k = u n j,k −Δtg  η n j,k +1 −η n j,k  /Δx v n +1 j,k = v n j,k −Δtg  η n j +1, k −η n j,k  /Δy (5.2) η ∗ j,k = η n j,k −Δt  u n +1...

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... m at mid latitudes ( f =10 −4 s 1 ). With a wavelength of λ = 10 0 km and β = 2.2 10 11 m 1 s 1 , we yield a phase speed of 5.5 mm/s corresponding to a distance of 17 5 km per year. Hence, ... of these waves. The deformation radius is R = 10 0 km for a depth of 10 0 m at mid-latitudes ( f =10 −4 s 1 ). Given a wavelength of λ = 10 km and a bottom slope of α =0. 01 (corres...

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... Rotational Effects Fig. 6 .14 Sketch of the structure of the meridional geostrophic f ow component v geo Using typical values ( f = 1 10 −4 s 1 , δ ek =10 m, β = 2 10 11 m 1 s 1 , and h o = 4000 ... βy, where f =1 10 −4 s 1 at the southern boundary, y is distance to the north, and β is chosen at = 4 10 11 m 1 s 1 . Note that β is twice the real value. A smaller value of...

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... 15 6, 16 0, 16 1 frontal, 15 3, 15 4, 15 6, 15 8, 15 9, 16 0 geostrophic, 12 2 12 8, 12 9, 13 0, 13 2, 13 7, 14 0, 14 1, 14 2, 14 3, 14 4, 14 6, 14 8, 15 0, 15 4, 15 5, 15 7, 15 8 quasi-geostrophic, 12 7, 12 9, 15 7, 15 8 shear, ... equations, 60– 61, 63, 68 Nonlinear terms, 29, 30, 60, 62, 68, 70, 91, 99, 11 1 11 2, 11 3, 11 9, 12 2, 12 3, 13 8, 14 5, 14...

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... Information Science University of Leicester City University Leicester Northampton Square LE1 7RH London UK EC 1V 0HB Phone: +44 (0) 11 6 252 3839 UK Fax: +44 (0) 11 6 252 3854 Phone: +44 (0) 17 1 ... computing 10 0 Appendix A Notation for Booch’s method 10 1 Appendix B Depicting public boundaries on OS basic scales 10 3 Appendix C Overview of the spatial data model 10 5 References 1...

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