Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 8 ppt
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems: Benefits and Risks pptx
... 50 chapters in books and conference proceedings.
22 T.W. Patzek
20 00 20 20 20 40 20 60 20 80 21 00 21 20 21 40 21 60 21 80 22 00
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Petroleum, EJ/Year
27 0 billion gallons ... of Energy. (20 01). Energy efficiency and renewable energy network. Re-
trieved October 20 , 20 02, from www.eren.doe.gov/state
energy/ tech solar. cf...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 8 ppt
... al. (20 01) 37.35 33 .8 –9.5 1.73 2. 13 +23
Milk
Cederberg and
Mattsson (19 98)
22 .21 7 .2 23 2. 85 2. 41 –15
Refsgaard
et al. (19 98)
∗
––– 3.34 2. 16/
2. 88
–35/–13
Cederberg and
Mattsson (19 98) in
Haas ... (1994)
17 .26 .1 –65 2. 70 1. 52 –43
Reitmayr (1995) 16. 58 .2 –51 2. 38 1 .89 21
Potatoes
Haas &
K
¨
opke (1994)
24 .013.1 –46 0 .80 0.07 – 18
Alfoldi et...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 2 Part 11 doc
... 71– 72,
73–76, 82 84 , 85 86 , 88 , 90–104,
154–156, 161, 163–167, 173, 184 ,
194–195, 196 20 9, 21 6, 21 8, 22 5, 22 7,
23 1, 23 2, 23 5 23 8, 24 0 24 5, 25 2,
25 4 25 6, 27 4 27 5, 28 0, 28 9, 303,
3 12 315, 321 – 322 , ... 29 5
Biorefinery, 23 4 23 6, 23 8, 24 2, 24 3 24 4,
24 6 25 2
Boundary, 34, 48 49, 176, 179, 23 2, 23 8 24 0,
306, 311–3 12, 313
Brazil, 86...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 1 ppt
... Methodology 23 1
Tom Gangwer
ix
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable
Energy Systems
2 D. Pimentel
Table 1.1 Fossil and solar energy use in the U.S. and world (quads = 10
15
BTU) (USCB 20 07)
Fuel ... World
Petroleum 40.1 1 68
Natural Gas 23 .0 103
Coal 22 .3 115
Nuclear 8 .22 8
Biomass 3.030
Hydroelectric power 3. 427
Geothermal and windpower 0.40 .8
Bi...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 2 pps
... petroleum-derived fuels will not last
for very long.
22 T.W. Patzek
20 00 20 20 20 40 20 60 20 80 21 00 21 20 21 40 21 60 21 80 22 00
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Petroleum, EJ/Year
27 0 billion gallons of ethanol ... of Energy. (20 01). Energy efficiency and renewable energy network. Re-
trieved October 20 , 20 02, from www.eren.doe.gov/state
energy/ te...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 3 pot
... classes
Class
a
Area
a
20 03 US NPP
b
HHV
c
10
6
ha 10
6
tha
−1
yr
−1
EJ yr
−1
1 Cropland +Mosaic 21 9 1 484 .8 25 .2
2 Pastures 123 1 42. 3 2. 4
3 Remote vegetation
d
160 724 .1 12. 3
4Forest
e
25 2 20 30.0 34.5
5 ... Africa.
42 T.W. Patzek
Table 2. 3 The 20 03 US NPP by ground cover class
Class
a
Area
a
20 03 US NPP
b
Root:shoot
c
10
6
ha 10
6
tha
−1
yr
−1
1 Cropland +Mosaic
d...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 4 pot
...
6.0
7.0
8. 0
1 981
19 82
1 983
1 984
1 985
1 986
1 987
1 988
1 989
1990
1991
19 92
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
19 98
1999
20 00
20 01
20 02
20 03
20 04
20 05
20 06
20 07e
Billions of ... 12. 1 4,307.65 30 .2
Feed 5 ,8 42. 09 50 .2 6,140 .83 46.4 5,657 .81 39.7
Food 780 .24 6.7 82 9 .90 6.3 86 1.69 6.0
HFCS 529 .75 4.6 5 28 .60 4.0 530. 38 3.7
Other 185 1.6...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 5 potx
... could purchase
European Climate Exchange
4
12 24 11 22 11 23 11 21
ECX – cellulosic 5 8 4–7 4 8 4–7
Chicago Climate Exchange
4
130 25 6 80 –157 81 –160 84 –167
CCX – cellulosic 48 86 29 –53 30–54 ... H. (20 07). Life-cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission im-
pacts of different corn ethanol plant types. Environmental Research Letters, 2. DOI 10.1 088 /
17 48- 9 326 /2/ 2/ 024 0...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 6 potx
... Economics, 22 , 20 3 22 3.
Cleveland C. J., Costanza, R., Hall, C. A. S. & Kaufmann, R. K. (1 984 ). Energy and the US
economy: A biophysical perspective. Science, 22 5, 89 0 89 7.
Cottrell, F. (1955). Energy ... Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New
York 1 321 0
D. Pimentel (ed.), Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems,
C
Springer S...
Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems_Benefits and Risks Episode 1 Part 7 pdf
... Netherlands) the mean capacity factor achieved
over two years was 22 % (OPTJ 3/1, p. 4), in the UK for the years 20 00 20 04
capacity factors achieved were 28 %, 26 %, 30%, 24 %, 27 % for an average of 27 %,
6
and ... 11 .2% of fossil fuels. And since fossil fuels supply 86 % of all energy used
in the U.S., this 11 .2% is 0.1 12% ×0 .86 = 10% of total energy used.
12. Dr. Sma...