Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 6 pot
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 6 pot
... all hinge points and the in ection line
joining all the in ection points (b) and (c). Cylindrical folds, as in (a) and (b), have a fold axis which is any line parallel to the hinge line of
constant ... layers.
Inflexion line
Hinge line
Hinge line
Axial surface
Axial surfaces
(a)
(b)
(c)
Fig. 4.1 16 Geometric elements of a fold in a folded surface in 3D. (a) The hinge line is de...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 3 pot
... looking for (Fig. 3 .62 ). After
simplifying (Equations 5–7; Fig. 3 .62 ), the results are
x
ϭ
ox
cos 65 Њ, and
z
ϭ
oz
sin 65 Њ.
From the sketches of Figs 3 .61 and 3 .62 , and the result-
ing ... directions of
z
and
x
and the angle are depicted in Fig. 3 .68 b. Since
sin
2
ϩ cos
2
ϭ 1 we can substitute the values for cos and
sin obtained earlier (Equati...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 1 pdf
... systems, 237
6. 1 Atmosphere, 237
6. 2 Atmosphere–ocean interface, 248
6. 3 Atmosphere–land interface, 254
6. 4 Deep ocean, 2 56
6.5 Shallow ocean, 263
6. 6 Ocean–land interface: coasts, 270
6. 7 Land surface, ... 10, 7; 6. 61 Chikita et al. Sedimentology, 43, 865 ; 6. 62 Wetzel, Limnology
(Saunders, 1983); 6. 65 J. Bridge; 6. 67 J Best; 6. 68B N.D. Smith; 6. 69 I. Wilson,
Geogra...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 2 ppt
... Making use of this expres-
sion we can easily calculate the approximate rotational
inertia and angular momentum of Earth (ignoring its
internal density layering) or of a spinning sand grain
(Fig. ... is set up; in the ascent of molten
magma that is losing pressure and exsolving gas in
bubbles, and so on. The example of colliding solid bodies
such as sand grains violently impactin...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 4 pdf
... Interface-spreading
undercutting current jet
Ambient liquid NA NA Degassing bubbles in Sinking plume Neutral Rising plume
magma or lava Bottom-spreading stability Spreading jet
and undercutting wall jet
4.2 ... certain
96 Chapter 3
Fig. 3.97 Strain of different materials with time (stages T1 to T5)
applying increasing levels of stress: (a) Elastic solids show discrete
strain increments...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 5 pptx
... straight line flow representing to-
and- fro motion. Steepening waves may break in very shal-
low water or when intense wind shear flattens wave crests
(Section 6. 6). In both cases air is entrained into ... knowledge, dealing with fracture or rock
mechanics is very important in many applied fields, as in
civil engineering, mining, and hazard controls (rock and
soil stability in...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 7 pps
... ions and also join to aluminum ions in
linked rings. The linked groups are said to be in a state of
polymerization and are a feature of silicate melts. It is the
continuous, polymer-like, linkage ... reduction in viscosity and
melting temperature. Also, water has a corrosive effect on
Si–O bonds and has a key role in lowering rock melting
points (and thus a major role in de...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 8 doc
... turbulent mixing and therefore cooling due to
momentum and heat transport in the dynamic models.
In addition to their obvious role in increasing wind
shear and forward momentum transport in associated
waves, ... understand
energy changes in ascending or descending air masses.
Such motions dominate heat exchange in the tropics and
Outer Earth processes and systems 241...
Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 9 ppt
... 0.02–2.0 m and heights from a few millimeters to
1 m (Figs 6. 69 and 6. 70). Wavelength increases linearly
with increasing grain size and with flow strength. Ripple
migration and growth from random irregularities ... Arctic
Ocean.
270 Chapter 6
6 .6 Ocean–land interface: coasts
Coasts are dynamic interfaces between land and sea where
energy is continuously being transferred by t...
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