Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 9 pot

... 1. 36 d 0. 71 12.8 1. 42 Short longitudinal (SL) e 1. 59 15 .7 1. 23 f 0.84 14 .9 1. 30 Short transverse (ST) g 1. 01 17.6 1. 35 *Average reference trace measured before corrosion exposure. 076 516 2_Ch04_Roberge ... representation of the surface condition subfactor of the material factor controlling the probability of a corrosion failure. 076 516 2_Ch04_Roberge 9 /1/...

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... Ϫ0.50 0 Poor Ϫ0 .10 0 Ϫ0.30 Ϫ0.30 0 .10 Very poor 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .15 Localized defects 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0.20 076 516 2_Ch04_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4:43 Page 300 The procedure for MSG-3 environmental ... 0–6 pts 9. Close internal surveys 0–8 pts 10 . Inspection tool 0–8 pts 0–60 pts Total 0 10 0 pts 076 516 2_Ch04_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4:43 Page 2 91 ■ Expansion of the sys...

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... 5 10 15 20 Salinity,† % 0 9. 06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11 Temperature, °C ppm 0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 . 89 11 .00 5 12 . 79 12 .02 11 .24 10 . 49 9.74 10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9. 37 8.72 15 10 .16 9. 67 9. 02 8.46 7 .92 20 ... 2.03 K ϩ 1 73.5 1. 95 NO 3 Ϫ 1 71. 4 1. 90 Ca 2ϩ 2 11 9. 0 0. 79 ClO 4 Ϫ 1 67.3 1. 79 Cu 2ϩ 2 10 7.2 0. 71 SO 4 2Ϫ 2 16 0.0...

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... Ϫ50 483 16 8 315 38 31 7 Heavy scale 4 (2) 288 18 0 10 8 216 223 Ϫ7 66 48 18 Valve scale 5 (3) 392 245 14 7 238 320 Ϫ82 11 2 10 1 11 Condenser tube scale 6 (3) 803 16 3 640 495 607 11 2 16 2 14 3 19 No scale ... mgиL 1 10 Borate, mgиL 1 175 0 Organic acids ϽC 6 , mgиL 1 12 Ͻ5 Sodium, mgиL 1 104,780 1 Potassium, mgиL 1 1,600 1 Calcium, mgиL 1 30,853 1 Magnesium, mg...

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... formation 14 9 076 516 2_Ch02_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4:02 Page 14 9 prehensive methodology than the models described above. A brief sum- mary of their work is as follows: The process of damage often begins during ... points Resistivity, ⍀иcm Ͻ 700 10 700 10 00 8 10 00 12 00 5 12 00 15 00 2 15 00–2000 1 Ͼ 2000 0 pH 0–2 5 2–4 3 4–6.5 0 6.5–7.5 0 7.5–8.5 0 Ͼ 8.5 3 Redox potential,...

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... °C concentration 0.0 01% 0. 01% 0 .1% 1% 10 % Nickel 395 360 340 310 295 Carbon Steel 430 415 405 400 390 9Cr-1Mo 505 445 395 350 310 S 410 00 570 500 440 390 345 800 H 580 575 575 575 575 430 760 680 615 555 500 S30400 ... kJиmol 1 S, Jиmol 1 иK 1 G, kJиmol 1 Cr Gas 422.02 207.58 11 6.25 Cr Solid 36 .97 70.78 Ϫ67. 29 Cr 2 O 3 Solid 99 3. 71 276.68 14 01. 27 CrO Gas 230.37 295...

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... 6 .15 Types of ER corrosion sensors. (Courtesy of Metal Samples.) TU04, FS02 CT10, FL10, SP10 WR40, CT20, FL20 FL05 WR80 12 8 h 64 h 32 h 16 h 8 h 1 h 1 0 1 3 6 12 24 36 10 10 -1 10 -0 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 0 ... alone or integrated Select Probe Figure 6 .14 Algorithm for suitability of ER and LPR corrosion monitoring techniques. (Adapted from Cooper. 19 )...

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... aluminum alloy. 6:52 10 mV 10 00 nA 0 .1 nA 10 00 mbar 0 mbar -20°C 80°C 1 µV Time 8:46 Temperature Max: +1. 82E+ 01 Min: +1. 09E+ 01 Mean: +1. 31E+ 01 Sdev: +2.42E+00 Cvar: +1. 85E- 01 Units: deg C Scale: ... linear Pressure Max: +1. 00E+03 Min: +6.71E+02 Mean:+7.42E+02 Sdev: +1. 09E+02 Cvar: +1. 47E- 01 Units: mbar Scale: linear ECN Max: +1. 90 E- 09 Min: +3.83E -10 Mean:+4.87...

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... of an insulator is presented in Fig. 11 .20. The more positive potential profile of pipeline on Side A 90 2 Chapter Eleven -1. 5 1 1 01 2 01 3 01 4 01 5 01 6 01 7 01 8 01 9 01 10 01 110 1 12 01 13 01 14 01 -1. 3 -1. 1 -0 .9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0 .1 Time ... pre- 886 Chapter Eleven -1. 3 1 5 01 10 01 15 01 20 01 25 01 30 01 35 01 40 01 45 01 50 01 55 01 -1...

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