The Teacher’s Grammar BookSecond Edition phần 6 pptx

... the expressions of the language. The theory of a particular language is its grammar. The theory of languages and the expressions they gener- ate is Universal Grammar (UG); UG is a theory of the ... Macarena hated the clothes which Fred arrived in. 70a. Macarena hated the clothes. Fred arrived in the clothes. 150 CHAPTER 4 5 Noam Chomsky and Grammar THE CHOMSKY REVOLUT...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... ascertaining whether a theory of universal grammar correctly describes the initial state of the language faculty—or even whether there is a language faculty as described in the MP. Moreover, the MP focuses ... sentence 6: 6. The cake was eaten. When the subject agent is not identified, we use an indefinite pronoun to fill the slot where it would appear in the deep structur...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... grammaticality, 139 the Renaissance, 10 Thernstrom & Thernstrom, 241 the writer as artist, 29 theory of language, 162 theory of mind, 162 topicalization, 247 traditional grammar and prescription, ... 240 antecedents, 60 , 61 Antilles, 237 appropriateness conditions, 52 Aristotle, 5, 14 articles, 83 aspect, 71 and Black English, 241 Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, 166 , 167...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... the values necessary to maintain the authority, the priorities, and the language that allow those values to exist in the first place” (p. 66 ). In other words, if the schools had not provided instruction ... expressions they know. Then have them re - cord additional examples of slang outside of class, preferably off campus, perhaps at a mall. Allow them to discuss their observati...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... illustrations: 1. The book was on the table. 2. The book was under the table. two structures coexist in the network owing to the fact that they both appear in speech. Whether a person uses one or the other ... of another. Thus, we cannot separate the meaning of the word from the person who uses the word. Equally important, we cannot separate the meaning of the word f...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... sick friend in the morning. The verb visit is not tensed in this sentence; instead, the tense marker is attached to the modal. But although the modal is in the past tense, the action is to occur in the ... comma before the conjunction joining the last item; PHRASE STRUCTURE GRAMMAR 113 ments: It places them in parentheses. With these factors in mind, we can adjust the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... speakers. These were instances in which the grammar drove the language to such an extent that the finished description did not reflect the way people used the language. As more data were collected, the ... between the two verbs is inappropriate. In fact, the comma in sentence 62 is the equivalent of sentence 63 , which even inexperienced writ - ers do not produce: 63 ....

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... that the two men washed their own faces, only that they washed someone other than themselves. To indicate the first meaning, the pronoun their must be plural to include Fritz and Fred, and the noun ... contrasting the styles of the two writers. Follow-up activity: Have students read an essay and perform the same sty - listic analysis on it. Then have them compare these data with...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... English grammar than their teach - ers, but they nevertheless speak and write English quite poorly, on the whole. Their learned—rather than acquired—knowledge of English grammar does not help them ... structure at all. Are they really part of grammar? Deciding the content of grammar instruc - tion is not a simple matter, and the new teacher’s task is further complicated by the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20

... Structure 166 The Basics of Transformation Rules 169 Relative Clause Formation 174 The Minimalist Program 162 A Critique of the Minimalist Program 191 6 Cognitive Grammar 197 What Is Cognitive Grammar? ... that their texts became the basis for grammar study throughout the Middle Ages. One of the foremost teachers during the Roman period was Quintilian (circa 35–95 AD),...

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 11:20