Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 4 pptx
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 4 pptx
... Heat-treated forgings
can be obtained in alloys such as 6082 and 20 14, with properties in the
T4 and T6 conditions comparable to those for other wrought products
in those alloys.
4. 4 STRESS-STRAIN ... more rounded knee. One can thus refer to ‘high-n’ and ‘low-
n’ materials. n typically ranges from 40 down to 5 for aluminium materials.
4. 4.2 Stress-strain curve for minimum streng...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 6 pptx
... non-heat-treatable
material there is negligible dip at A, and k
z3
=k
z1
.
6 .4. 2 Heat-treated material
Table 6.1 lists proposed k
z
-values for MIG-welded joints in 6xxx and
7xxx-series alloys. These have generally ... tool.
4. The softened area will tend to be rather less than that obtained with
MIG.
Note, however, that it is possible to FS-weld together extruded sections
in the T4-...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 12 ppt
... cut-off.
For any given class, the equations to lines A and B are as follows, where
the values of kA and k
B
appear in Table 12.5:
(12.4a)
(12.4b)
Also given in the table are the cut-off ... Hydro -Aluminium in Norway
on transverse butt welds in 6082-T4 extruded material, 5 mm thick,
suggest that class 50 might be appropriate for such a joint. This compares
with class 24 for a sin...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 11 docx
... 25°C.
3. Columns 3 and 4 give the room temperature curing time to achieve =1 and =10 N/mm
2
, when tested at 23°C.
4. Columns 5 and 6 give typical average strengths when tested at 23°C and 80°C, after ... parent metal, and k
z1
= softening
factor (Section 6 .4. 1).
For the non-heat-treatable alloys it is found from:
p
f
=0.5(f
oo
+f
uo
) (11.18b)
where f
oo
and f
uo
are the p...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 10 pps
... right
up to the circle or square:
Circle =0.10d
4
Square =0.14a
4
(10.20)
where d is the circle diameter, and a the side of the square.
10 .4. 4 Polar inertia
The polar inertia I
p
is defined ... are bisymmetric, radial-symmetric or skew-symmetric
S coincides with G and g=0. For sections entirely composed of radiating
outstand elements, such as angles and tees (‘type-R’ sections,...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 9 docx
... block-width (b
e1
or b
e0
)
is explained in Sections 7.2.3 and 7.2 .4, or in Section 7 .4. 7 for reinforced
elements. Very slender outstands need special consideration (Section 9.5 .4) .
9.2 .4 Allowance ... rotational restraint that the outstands may receive
from the fillet material at the root. Double-angle (back-to-back) struts
can also be regarded as effectively type-R.
9.6 .4 Sectio...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 8 doc
... times the
usual value, where (equation (5 .4) ):
(8 .40 )
The section is re-classified using this value, and if it is now found to be
non-slender
E
may be re-calculated using I for the gross section. ... non-slender section, non-welded and without holes, the modulus
S or Z is based on the actual gross cross-section. Otherwise, it should be
found using the effective section (Section...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 7 pps
... values:
Case T K=0 .41 for 1 >
> 0.5
=0.50–0.18
for
< 0.5 (7.14a)
Case R K=0 .41 +1.3( 1-
)
4
(7.14b)
Figure 7.12 Outstands under strain-gradient. Cases T and R.
Copyright 1999 ... Reserved.
Figure 7 .4 Slender internal element.
Stress-pattern at failure, and assumed
effective section. N=non-welded,
W=with edge-welds.
Figure 7.5 Slender outstand. Stress-
pattern...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 5 pps
... grain).
Table 5 .4 includes values for the stresses p
p
and p
f
needed in joint
design, which also depend on the member properties. See Chapter 11.
5 .4 LIMITING STRESSES BASED ON BUCKLING
5 .4. 1 General ... appropriate
scatter-band, with a cut-off at the limiting stress for the material.
Local buckling of a thin-walled cross-section, as distinct from overall
buckling of the member...
Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 3 potx
... appears in Chapter 4 (Section 4. 3 .4) . Because of aluminium s lower
elastic modulus (E), springback is greater than with steel.
Heat-treated material should only be manipulated when cold, and
bending ... for non-aeronautical use are usually in the stronger
kind of 6xxx-series alloy. They can be either machined from T6-condition
bar-stock, or forged and then artificially aged (T8-c...
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