Aluminium Design and Construction - Chapter 12 ppt

... cut-off. For any given class, the equations to lines A and B are as follows, where the values of kA and k B appear in Table 12. 5: (12. 4a) (12. 4b) Also given in the table are the cut-off ... Table 12. 3 or 12. 4) may be valid, the designer must specify fatigue-quality welding and state the necessary level of inspection (Section 3.3.5). The drawings should be marked with a...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... material and also non-heat-treatable material there is negligible dip at A, and k z3 =k z1 . 6.4.2 Heat-treated material Table 6.1 lists proposed k z -values for MIG-welded joints in 6xxx and 7xxx-series ... non-heat-treatable alloys, HAZ softening need only be consid- ered for work-hardened material; it is not a factor with extrusions or Figure 6.2 Typical hardness plots at a weld in h...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... that alloy is supplied. Aluminium alloys can be either non-heat-treatable or heat-treatable. The former are available in a range of work-hardened conditions, defined by an H-number (as in the first ... of work-hardened sheet and drawn tube can be crudely expressed in terms of its hardness, the standard tempers being Table 4.1 The seven alloy series Note. NHT=non-heat-treatable, HT=heat-tr...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... parent metal, and k z1 = softening factor (Section 6.4.1). For the non-heat-treatable alloys it is found from: p f =0.5(f oo +f uo ) (11.18b) where f oo and f uo are the proof and ultimate of ... 11 .12 11 .12) . It is essential to eliminate any risk of such a failure by intelligent design. 11.4.2 Specification of the adhesive Adhesives used for bonding aluminium are either of th...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... are bisymmetric, radial-symmetric or skew-symmetric S coincides with G and g=0. For sections entirely composed of radiating outstand elements, such as angles and tees (‘type-R’ sections, Figure ... giving w ° =0. In all other cases, w ° is non-zero and must be calculated. Figure 10.16 compares the warping of an I-section (bisymmetric) and a zed (skew-symmetric). With the zed it is se...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... ‘Type-R’ sections In dealing with torsional buckling it is important to distinguish between ‘type-R’ sections and all others. A type-R section is one that consists entirely of radiating outstands, ... rotational restraint that the outstands may receive from the fillet material at the root. Double-angle (back-to-back) struts can also be regarded as effectively type-R. 9.6.4 Sections exempt f...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... yield stress and the 0.2% proof stress respectively for the two materials. Typically, the diagram might be looked on as comparing mild steel and 6082-T6 aluminium. Moment levels Zp ° and Sp ° ... elastic-perfectly plastic steel-type stress-strain curve. The effect, that the actual rounded nature of the stress-strain curve has on the moment capacity, is considered by Mazzolani in his...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... element. Stress-pattern at failure, and assumed effective section. N=non-welded, W=with edge-welds. Figure 7.5 Slender outstand. Stress- pattern at failure, and assumed effective section. N=non-welded, ... outstands is similar, but with a different ß-scale (about one-third). The scatter shown in the figure results from random effects including initial out-of-flatness and shape of the st...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... appropriate scatter-band, with a cut-off at the limiting stress for the material. Local buckling of a thin-walled cross-section, as distinct from overall buckling of the member as a whole, is covered in Chapter ... All Rights Reserved. CHAPTER 5 Limit state design and limiting stresses British Standard BS.8118 follows steel practice in employing the limit state approach to structu...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... for non-aeronautical use are usually in the stronger kind of 6xxx-series alloy. They can be either machined from T6-condition bar-stock, or forged and then artificially aged (T8-condition). Design data ... penny-pinching to select a bolt material that is less corrosion- resistant than the aluminium parts being connected. Aluminium and stainless steel are the preferred materials in t...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22