... osteoblastic lineage cells [13,14]. On the one hand,RANKL binds to RANK, which is expressed on osteoclastprogenitors, and leads to osteoclast activation. On the other hand, OPG binds to RANKL and thereby ... loss of bonemass depending on the local environment. Finally, a dis-crepancy between bone formation and resorption due to alpha-CGRP might appear with the increase in the con-centration of wear ... Germany.Authors’ contributionsXJ and HJ have made substantial contributions to acquisition of data and analysis and interpretation of data, have been involved in drafting the manuscript and revising it...