nonlinear effects in optical fibers-govind p. agrawal

... Reichardt Solvents and Solvent EÔects in Organic Chemistry Third, Updated and Enlarged Edition In EPD solvents, ionization depends on the stabilization of the cation through coordination and, in some solvents, ... between two potential minima of equal depth [323, 324]. Solvents containing proton-donor groups are designated protic solvents [36] or HBD solvents [196]...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... Cataloguing in Publication Data Mayergoyz, I. D. Nonlinear magnetization dynamics in nanosystems. - (Elsevier series in electromagnetism) 1. Magnetization 2. Nanoelectromechanical systems 3. Nonlinear ... analysis of the nonlinear Landau–Lifshitz equation. These new areas of research are the fast precessional switching of magnetization in thin films and the magnetization...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:48

... nonlinearities ã Studied during the 1970s. ã Ignored during the 1980s. ã Feared during the 1990s. ã May be conquered in this decade. Objective: ã Review of Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers. 43/100 Back Close Supercontinuum ... using DFB lasers. 2/100 Back Close Outline ã Introduction ã Stimulated Raman Scattering ã Stimulated Brillouin Scattering ã Self-Phase Modulation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 08:14

... environmental indicators.  e aim of this study was to clarify to what extent the spatial variation of environment a ects growth and adaptive traits in a provenance trial, and whether blocking can ... genetic variation within populations and/ or environmental variation on very small scales. Analysis of covariance confi rmed the expected signifi cant provena...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... approach has proved very interest- ing and useful in the case of complex decline syndromes where multiple abiotic (including drought) and biotic (pathogens and insects) factors are involved [80, 85,106, ... PROCESSES AND MECHANISMS Theoretically, three main types of drought- disease interac- tion can be expected: – A direct effect of drought on pathogens; – Indirect effe...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... insect populations in the context of this exceptional event. Observations of changes in population levels of the main European forest insect pests during and after the drought are presented and ... prolonged drought on bark beetles The success of the establishment of bark beetle populations on their host tree depends, on the level of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... from the similarity of the detected changes with those caused by drought. This part gives an overview of the state of the art in the use of remote sensing for detecting and monitor- ing forest ... are: to briefly review the existing sources of remote sensing data and their potential to detect drought damage; to review the remote sensing applica...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... 52]. Classification of thinning methods varies due to different criteria, including the type of thinning, intensity (grade), re- turn interval, and the timing of the first thinning [48]. Two major types of thinning ... again during the last thinning. In the T2, 258 crop trees were chosen in the first thinning, and only 62% of these trees were chosen again during the las...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... (Pseudotsuga menziesii F.) o n the chemical composition of soil solutions and on the leaching of DOC and ions in drainage waters Jacques R * ,SylvainL , Dominique G, Benoợt P, Pascal B INRA Centre ... 70-year-old Douglas-fir plantation on the chemical composition of soil solutions and on leaching of nutrients in drainage wat...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... dependent on the initial vegetation type and on soil seed bank composi- tion. We therefore encourage additional experiments in differ- ent stand and soil types in order to establish the generality of these ... on the considered soil parameters. Both disc and rotary ploughing induced an overall lowering of soil nutrient index and soil compaction, but diffe...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... Available online at: c  INRA, EDP Sciences, 2007 www.afs-journal.org DOI: 10.1051/forest:2007021 Original article Effects of resource availability on condensed tannins and nitrogen in two Quercus species ... radiation), at two water regimes (500 and 800 mm) and with two nutrient availabilities (standard substrate and 7% increase in soil N). The concentratio...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:21

... 10.1051/gse:2003052 Original article QTL detection and allelic effects for growth and fat traits in outbred pig populations Yoshitaka N a∗ , Peter M. V b ,ChrisS.H a a Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), ... population. MaxDiff of allelic effects: the maximum difference between two allelic effects in the sire. For example, Sire 1 for DGT in popula...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... effect aa Epistatic effect (additive-additive) ad Epistatic effect (additive-dominance) da Epistatic effect (dominance-additive) dd Epistatic effect (dominance-dominance) QTL and pairs of epistatic QTL, ... vector of additive ge- netic and dominance effects of the ith QTL, and γ j is the vector of additive and dominance effects of the first and second QTL in the jth pa...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... traced back to a distant cytoplasmic origin, and might be of the same maternal lineage as others in the dataset. If there is insufficient informa- tion, maternal subfamilies can be assigned to ... of muscle and fat depths were taken from the third lumbar vertebra [18]. Age at scanning was used as a covariate for SW, MD and FD and the mean age was 152 days. Cytoplasmic...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22