Chapter 128 Pneumococcal Infections (Part 2) pptx

... circulation; in the absence of antibody, however, only the slow passage of blood Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 2) Nonimmunologic Mechanisms Nonimmunologic mechanisms that protect against ... without spleens tend to develop overwhelming pneumococcal disease that rapidly progresses to death. Table 128- 1 Conditions that Commonly Predispose to Pneumococcal...

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... polysaccharides. Epidemiology Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections Pneumococcal Infections: Introduction Streptococcus ... residues serve as a site of attachment for potential virulence factors, such as pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and pneumococcal surface adhesin A (P...

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... pneumoniae is the most common or second most Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 3) Specific Infections Caused by S. Pneumoniae S. pneumoniae causes infections of the middle ear, sinuses, ... individual case. Infections listed after meningitis in Table 128- 2 are uncommon or rare. Table 128- 2 Most Common Infections Caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae in Adul...

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... 12,000/µL in the great majority of patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. A low WBC count (<6000/µL) is found in 5–10% of persons hospitalized for pneumococcal pneumonia and is strongly associated ... increased cough, sputum production, and an abnormal pulmonary shadow on chest x-ray. Table 128- 3 Causes of a Pneumonia Syndrome Leading to Hospitalization of Adults in Houston,...

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... yield S. pneumoniae in ~25% of patients hospitalized for pneumococcal pneumonia. Figure 128- 2 Gram-stained sputum from a patient with pneumococcal pneumonia shows polymorphonuclear cells ... the most common complication of pneumococcal pneumonia, occurring in ~2% of cases. Some fluid appears in the pleural space in a substantial The appearance of pneumococcal infection a...

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... resistance is Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 6) Pneumococcal Infections: Treatment Antibiotic Susceptibility β-Lactam antibiotics, the cornerstone of therapy for serious pneumococcal ... >90% of pneumococcal isolates in the United States are susceptible to clindamycin. Rates of doxycycline resistance are similar to those observed for macrolides. One-thir...

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... complicated infections. A recent study reported identical rates of clinical and bacteriologic cure with a 10-day course of amoxicillin and a single dose of azithromycin (30 mg/kg). Chapter 128. Pneumococcal ... dose of azithromycin (30 mg/kg). Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 7) Antibiotic Regimens Otitis Media (Table 128- 4) Current treatment recommend...

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... higher in others; high-dose amoxicillin remains the best option worldwide. Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 8) Acute Sinusitis Just as the pathogenesis and microbial etiology ... sputum sample or as a replacement for broader spectrum empirical therapy after a diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia is proven by culture. When a valid sputum specimen cannot be obtain...

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... clear Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 9) Inpatient Therapy Pneumococcal pneumonia is readily treatable with β-lactam antibiotics. The conventional dosages shown in Table 128- 5 ... pneumococcal pneumonia, even in the presence of bacteremia. Cases with a second focus of infection (e.g., empyema or septic arthritis) require longer therapy. Meningitis (Table 1...

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... Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 10) Prevention Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccine The pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine administered ... Program (1998- 20 02). Clin Infect Dis 36:963, 2003 [PMID: 12684907] Lexau CA et al: Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among older adults in the era of pediatric pneumococcal ... risk for overw...

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