Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 8) ppt

... should receive standard Chapter 118. Infective Endocarditis (Part 8) Organism-Specific Therapies Streptococci To select the optimal therapy for streptococcal endocarditis, the minimum ... prosthetic valve endocarditis. The regimen recommended for relatively penicillin-resistant streptococci is advocated for treatment of endocarditis caused by organisms of group B, C, o...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... epidemics of serogroup W-135 meningococcal disease occurred in association with the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca (the Hajj) and in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa. meningococcal strains ... all, 300,000– 500,000 cases of meningococcal disease occur worldwide each year—numbers that frequently are increased by large epidemics. The annual incidence of meningococcal disease i...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 2) In the United States, the attack rate for sporadic meningococcal disease is ~1 case per 100,000 ... pathogenesis. Figure 136-1 Meningococcal disease pathogenesis, susceptibility, and severity. After human-to-human transmission, environmental factors (smoking, co- infections) , polymorphisms ... adults (<1 case...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... for this serogroup. Outer-Membrane Proteins Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 3) Outer-Membrane Components Associated with Virulence Meningococcal strains are characterized by the ... properties promote meningococcal transmission, spread, and survival externally and within intracellular compartments such as phagocytic vacuoles. Except in serogroup A, the majo...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... Meningitis Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 4) Association of Virulence Mechanisms with Specific Meningococcal Infections Specific disease manifestations of meningococcal infections ... potential site of meningococcal entry into the CSF. Meningococcal pili may bind CD46, a complement-regulatory protein that is expressed by the choroid plexus and me...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... acquiring meningococcal disease in childhood. Alleles that decrease MBL synthesis have been associated with increased risk in the few studies reported to date. Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections ... meningococcal disease. This conclusion is supported by the overrepresentation of ABO blood group nonsecretors among patients with meningococcal disease and by the striking vari...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... endocarditis. Figure 136-4 Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 6) Clinical Manifestations Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Although many patients who develop meningococcal meningitis ... Chap. 3 76) Common presenting symptoms of patients with meningococcal meningitis include nausea and vomiting, headache, neck stiffness, lethargy, and confusion. The sym...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... immunity (decreased transmission and colonization). Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 7) Complications Patients with meningococcal meningitis may develop cranial nerve palsies, ... clinical clues help the physician distinguish the patient with early meningococcal disease from patients with other acute systemic infections. The most useful clinical finding is...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... in family members of patients found to have a complement deficiency. Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 8) Patients with fulminant meningococcemia often experience diffuse leakage ... disease in the population vaccinated. If conjugate meningococcal vaccines prove to be capable of providing durable antibody or memory responses (particularly in infants and young...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... genes.' BMC Genomics 7:128, 2006 [PMID: 16734888] Chapter 136. Meningococcal Infections (Part 9) Antimicrobial Chemoprophylaxis The attack rate for meningococcal disease among household or other ... 9472667] Rosenstein NE et al: Meningococcal disease. N Engl J Med 344:1378, 2001 [PMID: 11333996] Westendorp RGJ et al: Genetic influence on cytokine production and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... and seminal vesiculitis. Balanitis may develop in uncircumcised men. Chapter 137. Gonococcal Infections (Part 3) Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents It is no surprise that N. ... and diplococci (Fig. 137-1). The clinical manifestations of gonococcal urethritis are usually more severe and overt than those of nongonococcal urethritis, including urethritis cau...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... joints are occasionally involved. Most patients who develop gonococcal septic arthritis do so Chapter 137. Gonococcal Infections (Part 6) The clinical manifestations of DGI have sometimes ... et al: Disseminated gonococcal infection. Ann Intern Med 74:979, 1971.) Figure 137-3 Distributions of joints with arthritis in 102 patients with disseminated gono...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... cervical swab samples are assessed by culture and other non- NAATs. Chapter 137. Gonococcal Infections (Part 7) Gonococcal Infections in HIV-Infected Persons The association between gonorrhea ... (PCR) more commonly in ejaculates from HIV-positive men with gonococcal urethritis than in those from HIV-positive men with nongonococcal urethritis. PCR positivity diminis...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... infection is not ruled out: Azithromycin (1 g PO, single dose) or Chapter 137. Gonococcal Infections (Part 8) Gonococcal Infections: Treatment Treatment failure can lead to continued transmission ... single-dose regimens have been developed for uncomplicated gonococcal infections. The updated 2006 treatment guidelines for gonococcal infections from the Centers...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... circulation; in the absence of antibody, however, only the slow passage of blood Chapter 128. Pneumococcal Infections (Part 2) Nonimmunologic Mechanisms Nonimmunologic mechanisms that protect against ... pneumococcal infection is greatly increased in persons with conditions that compromise IgG synthesis and/or the phagocytic function of PMNs and macrophages. Most patien...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20