Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections (Part 1) pps

... 98. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias: Introduction Anemias associated with normocytic and normochromic red cells and ... of iron in the presence of iron deficiency is as short as 10–15 min. Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 1)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 2) Figure 98-1 Internal iron exchange. Normally about 80% of iron passing through the ... 20– 60% and erythropoiesis is no t increased, iron stores are not required. However, in the event of blood loss, dietary iron deficiency, or inadequate iron absorption, up to 40 mg/d of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 3) Nutritional Iron Balance The balance of iron in humans is tightly controlled and designed to conserve iron ... available, egg iron one-eighth, liver iron one-half, and heme iron one-half to two-thirds. Infants, children, and adolescents may be unable to maintain normal iro...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 4) Stages of Iron Deficiency Iron- deficiency anemia is the condition in which there is anemia and clear ... evidence of iron lack. The progression to iron deficiency can be divided into three stages (Fig. 98-2). The first stage is negative iron balance, in which the demands for...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... of iron in mitochondria appears in a necklace fashion around the nucleus of the erythroblast. Such cells are referred to as ringed sideroblasts. Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative ... Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 5) Clinical Presentation of Iron Deficiency Certain clinical conditions carry an increased lik...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 6) Table 98-3 Iron Store Measurements Iron Stores Marrow Iron Stain, 0– 4+ Serum Ferritin, ... has been proposed to distinguish between iron deficiency and the anemia of chronic inflammation (see below). Differential Diagnosis Other than iron deficiency, only three conditions n...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 7) The second condition is the anemia of chronic inflammation with inadequate iron supply to the ... adequate supply to the marrow, despite the microcytosis and hypochromia. Iron- Deficiency Anemia: Treatment The severity and cause of iron- deficiency anemia will determine the approp...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... from the kidney is Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 10) Table 98-6 Diagnosis of Hypoproliferative Anemias Tests Iron Deficiency Inflamma tion Renal ... disease from the other forms of hypoproliferative anemia (Table 98-6) and to guide management. Patients with the anemia of renal disease usually present with nor...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... are common and complicate the management. Folate deficiency from inadequate intake, as well as iron deficiency from blood loss and inadequate intake, can alter the red cell indices. Hypoproliferative ... is particularly useful in anemias in which endogenous EPO levels are inappropriately low, such as the hypoproliferative anemias. Iron status must be evaluated and ir...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... agents. This chapter, therefore, will focus only on PV, IMF, and ET, because their clinical overlap is substantial and their clinical courses are distinctly different. Other chronic myeloproliferative ... different. Other chronic myeloproliferative disorders will be discussed in Chapter 104. Polycythemia Vera Polycythemia vera (PV) is a clonal disorder involving a...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... absent and none when θ toxin is missing. The other major toxins—β, ε, and 1—are known to increase capillary permeability. Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections (Part 1) ... Clostridial Infections (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections Definition...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... primary symptoms include epigastric pain, nausea, and watery diarrhea usually lasting 12–24 h. Fever and vomiting are uncommon. Molecular methods including ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ... C. perfringens, and C. bifermentans are the most commonly isolated species. The presence of clostridial species does not affect the clinical presentation or outcome of thes...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... invasion, and (3) the systemic effects of the toxin, typified by massive hemolysis. Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections (Part 3) Spontaneous nontraumatic clostridial ... than in gas gangrene. In these localized infections, gas is never found intramuscularly. Cellulitis, perirectal abscesses, and diabetic foot ulcers are typica...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... transient clostridial bacteremia can arise in any hospitalized patient but is most common with a predisposing focus in the Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections (Part 4) Gas ... (Part 4) Gas Gangrene (Clostridial Myonecrosis) Gas gangrene is characterized by rapid and extensive necrosis of muscle accompanied by gas format...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... treatment of gas gangrene. Fasciotomy should not be delayed for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Acknowledgments Chapter 135. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections (Part 5) Diagnosis ... mifepristone and intravaginal misoprostol—United States and Canada, 2001–2005. MMWR 54:724, 2005 Lorber B: Gas gangrene and other Clostridium- associated diseases...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20