Các biến thể của tiếng anh part 14 pdf

... curtains and torch. Your answer will depend upon the particular pairs of words you chose and on the kind of English your informants use. There is no particular reason to suppose that New Zealand reactions ... much influence as time since settlement. 2. The answer is almost certainly partly a matter of political situation and partly a matter of time. American English has been viewed as sepa- ra...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... Irish words which are found in other parts of the English-speaking world. Some of them may also be found in the northern part of England, but they are not part of standard English in England. ... and the Firth of Forth), but before the Norman Conquest the northern part of Northumbria, as far south as the Tweed, had become part of Scotland, and this language became a dominant one in Sc...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... Australia is divided (Collins 1989: 144 ; Newbrook 2001: 116–17), though the use of the relevant form of do appears to be favoured in New Zealand English (Bauer 1989a: 11 14) . In England, there are stylistic ... negatives, and didn’t ought is not readily used. The same is true in Australian English (Collins 1989: 142 ). There it is also the case that although ought is recognised, should is...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... 26 isogloss, 6–7 Italian, 19, 47, 100 Jamaican patois, 101 James VI and I, 14, 16, 25, 26 Jamestown settlement, 9, 14, 74 Johnson, S., 96 Jonson, B., 96 Kachru, B., 21–3 Krio, 1 language, 3–4, ... R., 96 McArthur, T., 20–2 Maori, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 73, 115 Marsh, Dame N., 99 Mayflower, the, 14 media, influence of, 73, 75–6, 86, 88–9, 101 mid-Atlantic, 101 Milton, J., 5 modal verb, 51–3 Mon...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... this volume will be useful for courses which aim to consider the English language as used in a particular area or country as well as for courses which are intended to explore the linguistic principles ... the varieties of English there developed, including the political and educational conditions. In particular we would need to know about the principles affecting languages in contact, especia...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... foreign word or expression as is, each part of that expression is translated into English to form a new English expression. South African English seems to have particularly open to this method of ... the locals about are ‘Where are we?’ and then about the unfamiliar phenomena surrounding them, in particular flora, fauna and the arte- VOCABULARY 33 02 pages 001-136 6/8/02 1:26 pm Page 33 fact...

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... forms. In standard forms of the language, this variation decreased in the eighteenth century as part of the movement to ‘fix’ the language. Forms from the range in actual use at that period were artificially ... one country. This seems not to happen. Either an affix which is rare elsewhere is used more in one particular country (as with the -ie mentioned above, or with the Australian -o in wor...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... indicating where a text is produced. As with grammar, there are very few sure-fire ways of recognising a particular variety of English from the spelling. As with grammar, if we had sufficient data to produce ... these traps. Even though the lexical sets tend to reflect historical classes, and tend to reflect particular sound-changes which have taken place in the histories of individual varieties,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21

... cities in New Zealand, approxi- mately 500km apart as the crow flies) was by a 4,000km round trip via Sydney, and there were many Australians in New Zealand, particularly in the early days of settlement ... Consider the partial systems illustrated in Figure 6.3, and the distribution of phonemes among the lexical sets. It can be seen in Figure 6.3 that RP requires four phonemes for these partic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21