Chapter 090 Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 3) docx

... management (e.g., due to multicentric and frequent recurrences resistant to intravesical instillations); high-grade tumors (T1G3) associated with CIS; and bladder symptoms, such as frequency ... surgery that requires appropriate preoperative evaluation and management. The procedure involves removal of the bladder and pelvic lymph nodes and creation of a conduit or reservoir...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... papillary lesions are managed by Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 2) Pathogenesis The multicentric nature of the disease and high rate of recurrence has led to the hypothesis ... extends to perivesical fat (T3) and to document nodal spread. Distant metastases are assessed by CT of the chest and abdomen, MRI, or radionuclide imaging of the skelet...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... assume a signet cell histology. Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 90. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas Bladder Cancer ... squamous and transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. Pathology Bladder staging. TNM, tumor, node, metastasis. More than 95% of urothelial tumors i...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter About 2500 cases of renal pelvis and ureter cancer occur each year; nearly all are transitional cell carcinomas similar to bladder cancer in biology and appearance. ... similar to that of metastatic transitional cell cancer of bladder origin. Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 4) Metastat...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 5) Renal Cell Carcinoma Renal cell carcinomas account for 90–95% of malignant neoplasms ... predisposes to renal cell carcinomas, retinal hemangioma, hemangioblastoma of the spinal cord and cerebellum, and pheochromocytoma. Roughly 35% of individuals with VHL disease develop renal cell cancer. ......

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... 10% for stage IV. Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 6) Clinical Presentation The presenting signs and symptoms include hematuria, abdominal pain, and a flank or abdominal ... transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis, sarcoma, lymphoma, and Wilms' tumor. All of these are less common causes of renal masses than is renal cell...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... proportion of cases. Chapter 090. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas (Part 7) Renal Cell Carcinoma: Treatment Localized Tumors The standard management for stage I or II tumors and selected cases ... Sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. JAMA 295:2516, 2006 [PMID: 16757724] Nelson EC et al: Renal cell c arcinoma: Current status and em...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... physical examination, and diagnostic tests is used to determine risk and develop a treatment plan (Fig. 75-1). The decision of how aggressively to treat the patient, and which modalities to ... history; Wt, weight. (From National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evid...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Cannabis and its main ingredient, Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is an exogenous cannabinoid compound. Two endocannabinoids have been identified, anandamide and 2- food the stomach can hold and ... brain) and CB 2 (present in immune cells). The brain endocannabinoid system is thought to control food intake through reinforcing motivation to find and consume foods with high i...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Continuous activation of Flt3 and downstream target kinases, including signal transducer and Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 3) Immunophenotype and Relevance to the WHO ... suppress gene transcription and blocks differentiation of the cells. Pharmacologic doses of the Rar α ligand, all-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin), relieve the block and prom...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20