Chapter 088 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 2) pot

... tarda Hereditary tyrosinemia Wilson's disease Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 2) Epidemiology Endemic hot spots occur in areas of China and sub-Saharan Africa, which ... is unclear, and their HCC natural history not well-defined. Table 88-2 Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Common Unusual Cirrhosis from any cause Primary biliary cirr...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... transplantation earlier for HCC and often with greater than minimal tumors. Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 7) Local Injection Therapy Numerous agents have been used for local

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... 2 cm: RFA ablation, PEI, or resection Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 9) Table 88- 6 Some Novel Medical Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma EGF receptor antibody Erlotinib, ... (splenomegaly), liver function tests, ammonia levels, electrolytes, α-fetoprotein and DCP (PIVKA -2), Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ; hepatitis B and C serology (and quantitative HBV DNA or...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 11) Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater This tumor arises within 2 cm of the distal end of the common bile duct, and is mainly (90%) an adenocarcinoma. ... liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 13:393, 2006 [PMID: 17013712] Goin JE et al: Treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carc...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... necropsies show bone metastases in ~20% of patients. Patients may be asymptomatic. Table 88- 3 Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Presentation at the University of Pittsburgh Liver Cancer Center (N ... No symptom 129 (24) Abdominal pain 219 (40) Other (workup of anemia and various diseases) 64 ( 12) Hepatic tumor numbers 1 20% 2 25% 3 or more 65% Portal vein invasion 75% Un...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... CLIP 0, 0 points; CLIP 1, 1 point; CLIP 2, 2 points; CLIP 3, 3 points. Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 4) Physical Signs Hepatomegaly is the most common physical sign, occurring ... liver typically precludes chemotherapy. Table 88- 4 Clip and Okuda Staging Systems for Hepatocellular Carcinoma CLIP Classification Points Variables 0 1 2 i. Tumor numb...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... measurements of HBV DNA or HCV RNA are needed. Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 5) Approach to the Patient: Hepatocellular Carcinoma History and Physical The history is important ... assay is that for des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), a protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA -2). This protein is increased in as many as 80% of HCC patients but may also be...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... limits the tumors that are anatomically suited for Treatment approach to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The initial clinical evaluation is aimed at assessing the extent of the tumor ... risk of major hepatectomy is high (5–10% mortality) due to the underlying liver disease and the potential for liver failure. Preoperative portal vein occlusion can sometimes be performed to c...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... characteristic biochemical defect in HCC of elevated plasma levels of immature prothrombin (DCP or PIVKA -2), due to a defect in the activity of prothrombin carboxylase, a vitamin K–dependent enzyme. Two

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... ~30% of CCCs). They arise on the basis of cirrhosis less frequently than HCC, Chapter 088. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Part 10) Fibrolamellar HCC (FL-HCC) This rarer variant of HCC has a different ... origin. OLTX may be associated with prolonged survival. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) CCC typically refers to mucin-producing adenocarcinomas (different from HCC) that arise from th...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20