Chapter 061 Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 1) pps
Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 1) pps
... Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 61. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes: Introduction ... recruitment, and inflammation. The four cardinal signs of inflammation (rubor, tumor, calor, dolor) are indicated, as are the interactions of neutrophils with other cells and Chapter 061. Disorders of ... factors (CSFs) and interleukins (ILs). Because an alteration in the number and type of leukocytes is often associated with disease processes, total white blood count (WBC) (cells per µL) and differential...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 3) pps
... state and is composed of those cells that are in the blood Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 3) Pelger-Hüet anomaly. In this benign disorder, the majority of granulocytes ... can be seen during infection and are fragments of ribosome-rich endoplasmic reticulum. Large neutrophil vacuoles are often present in acute bacterial infection and probably represent pinocytosed ... (GlyCAM1) and CD34]. Glycoproteins on neutrophils, most importantly sialyl-Lewisx (SLex, CD15s), are targets for binding of selectins expressed on endothelial cells [E-selectin (CD62E) and...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 4) pps
... Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 4) Figure 61-8 Neutrophil travel through the pulmonary capillaries ... monocyte accumulation occurs within 6–12 h of initiation of inflammation. Neutrophils, monocytes, microorganisms in various states of digestion, and altered local tissue cells make up the ... adhesion": CD11a/CD18 (LFA -1) and CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1, CR3) bind to CD54 (ICAM -1) and CD102 (ICAM-2) on the endothelium. Diapedesis occurs between endothelial cells: CD31 (PECAM -1) expressed by the...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 2) docx
... center of the field is a band form. Döhle bodies are discrete, blue-staining nongranular areas found in the periphery of the cytoplasm of the neutrophil in infections and other toxic states. They ... and specific cell-surface markers are listed for each maturational stage. Figure 61-3 Neutrophil band with Döhle body. The neutrophil with a sausage-shaped nucleus in the center of ... Stages of neutrophil development shown schematically. G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) and GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 5) potx
... leishmaniasis, AIDS Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 5) Neutrophil Abnormalities A defect in the neutrophil life cycle can lead to dysfunction and compromised host ... is often depressed, and the clinical result is often recurrent with severe bacterial and fungal infections. Aphthous ulcers of mucous membranes (gray ulcers without pus) and gingivitis and ... few days of life. Skin, ear, upper and lower respiratory tract, and bone infections are common. Sepsis and meningitis are rare. In some disorders the frequency of infection is variable, and patients...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 6) doc
... Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 6) Hereditary Neutropenias Hereditary neutropenias are rare and may manifest in early childhood as a profound constant ... infection and other forms of acute inflammation and results from both release of the marginated pool and mobilization of marrow reserves. Persistent neutrophilia with cell counts of ≥30,000–50,000/µL ... chronic inflammation and certain myeloproliferative diseases. Increased marrow release and mobilization of the marginated leukocyte pool are induced by glucocorticoids. Release of epinephrine, as...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 7) pot
... cells (Wright's stain); genetic detection Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 7) Miscellaneous Metabolic disorders ketoacidosis, acute renal failure, eclampsia, ... Impaired Reduced features of the important inherited disorders of phagocyte function are shown in Table 61-4. Table 61-3 Types of Granulocyte and Monocyte Disorders Cause of Indicated Dysfunction ... Inherited and acquired abnormalities of phagocyte function are listed in Table 61-3. The resulting diseases are best considered in terms of the functional defects of adherence, chemotaxis, and microbicidal...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 8) pot
... Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 8) Disorders of Adhesion Two main types of leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) have been described, LAD 1 and LAD 2. ... marrow transplantation. CHS neutrophils and monocytes have impaired chemotaxis and abnormal rates of microbial killing due to slow rates of fusion of the lysosomal granules with phagosomes. ... binding protein-ε, a regulator of expression of granule components. expression of leukocyte integrins on neutrophils or activated T and B cells. Neutrophils (and monocytes) from patients with...
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 9) Chronic Granulomatous Disease Chronic pot
... Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 9) Chronic Granulomatous Disease Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a group of disorders of granulocyte and monocyte ... they often have extensive inflammatory reactions, and lymph node suppuration is common despite the administration of appropriate antibiotics. Aphthous ulcers and chronic inflammation of the ... marrow, and activating lymphocytes and neutrophils. TNF-α is a pyrogen that duplicates many of the actions of IL-1 and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gram-negative shock (Chap....
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Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 10) potx
... ability of eosinophils to kill parasites. Mast cell–derived eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis (ECFa) increases the number Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part ... catalyzes the oxidation of many substances by hydrogen peroxide and may facilitate killing of microorganisms. Eosinophil peroxidase, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and halide, initiates ... leading to production of IL-2 and IFN-γ. IFN-γ acts through its receptor on macrophages to upregulate TNF-α and IL-12 and kill autoinflammatory disease, familial cold urticaria, and Muckle-Wells...
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