The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 11 ppsx

... Interpreting the early evolution of the angiosperms is contentious, partly because of the paucity of fossilized flowers prior to the period of radiation, and also because of the apparent rapidity of the ... native range. The host-specificity of potential control agents must be tested, either inside or outside the country of introduction and, in the former case,...

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... across. The field of view of each ommatidium differs from that of its neigh- bors and together the array of all ommatidia provides the insect with a panoramic image of the world. Thus, the actual ... insensitive to the wing tone of males of their species. Neither can the male detect the wing tone of immature females – the Johnson’s organ in his antenna respond...

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... species of insect parasitoids seen above, there are remarkably few insect parasites of other insects, or indeed, of other arthropods. The largest group of endoparasitic insects using other insects ... Chapter 11 we saw how the development of angio- sperms and their colonization by specific plant-eating insects explained a substantial diversification of phyto- phagous...

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... distasteful- ness. The mimic gains both from the presence of the protected model and the deception of the observer. As the mimic’s presence disadvantages the model, interac- tion with the model ... produces a build-up of pressure in the reac- tion chamber, which closes the one-way valve from the reservoir, thereby forcing discharge of the contents through the...

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... numbers of insects is the role of sexual selection in the diversifica- tion of many insects. The propensity of insects to become isolated in small populations (because of the fine scale of their ... classification and their roles in our economic and wider lives. First, we outline the field of entomology and the role of ento- mologists, and then introduce the...

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... defensive and other com- pounds are products of the epidermis, which is a near- continuous, single-celled layer beneath the cuticle. Many of these compounds are secreted to the outside of the insect ... a poison-injecting sting (Fig. 14 .11) and the eggs are ejected at the base of the sting. In all other cases, the eggs pass down a canal in the shaft of the ovip...

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... by the plant. By comparison, a macerate-and-flush strategy is typical of Heteroptera, such as mirids and coreids. These insects disrupt the tis- sues of plants or other insects by thrusting of the ... to be the primary mechanism for the movement of gases in the tracheae and is always the sole mode of gas exchange at the tissues. The efficiency of diffusion is...

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... transfer of sperm via the insertion of part of the male’s aedeagus (edeagus), the penis, into the repro- ductive tract of the female. In males of many species the extrusion of the aedeagus during ... oviposition in insects. 5.1 BRINGING THE SEXES TOGETHER Insects often are at their most conspicuous when syn- chronizing the time and place for mating. The flas...

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... further discus- sion of the actions of eclosion hormone). Apolysis at the end of the fifth larval instar marks the beginning of a prepupal period when the developing pupa is pharate within the ... affects the eggs of the next generation. The ability of insects to recognize seasonal photo- period and other environmental cues requires some means of measuring tim...

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... as wings held roof-like over the abdomen, fore wings either membranous or in the form of tegmina of uni- form texture, and with the rostrum arising ventrally close to the anterior of the thorax, ... or mistaken. The fore-wing-derived halteres of strep- sipterans are gyroscopic organs of equilibrium with the same functional role as the halteres of Diptera (although...

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