Basic Theoretical Physics: A Concise Overview P38 potx

... temperature T decreases gradually, and as a consequence, as we see from the above series of equations, the radius of the star and its luminosity increase, whereas the total mass remains approximately ... numbers must be regarded as only very approximate, especially with regard to black holes. The point is, however, that the gravitational attraction can be counter- acted by the degeneracy pr...

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... 331 equations 163 mean field approximation (bi-linearized) of a Hamiltonian 334 mean field approximations 405, 408 measurable quantities (“observables”) in quantum mechanics 215 measurable quantities ... 402 main-sequence stars 388 MAPLE, MATHEMATICA 161 Markoff chain 412 mass defect 104 mathematical (versus physical) pendulum 75 Maxwell ’s displacement current 153, 156 ’s equations in Gaussia...

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... not just a universal number, but proportional to the mass M of the respective central star.) As already mentioned, Kepler’s second law is also known as the law of equal areas and is equivalent to ... the planet covers equal areas in equal time intervals. 3) The ratio T 2 /a 3 ,whereT is the time period and a the major principal axis of the ellipse, is constant for all planets (of the so...

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... resonance phenomena using mathematical computer tools such as MAPLE or MATHEMATICA. See for example [12] as a rec- ommendable presentation.) 20.3 Planar Electromagnetic Waves; Spherical Waves ... special importance among these solutions are planar electromagnetic waves and spherical waves. 20.3 Planar Electromagnetic Waves; Spherical Waves The operator in the d’Alembert-Poisson equations .....

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... (i.e., also S ∼ k), i.e., one is dealing with totally usual relations as in a vacuum (the so-called ordinary beam). In contrast, for orthogonal polarization the vectors E and D (and S and k) have ... that one speaks of an extraordinary beam. If the phase-propagation vector k is, e.g., in the (x 1 ,x 3 )-plane under a gen- eral angle, then the in-plane polarized wave is ordinary,whereasthe...

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... as the conjugate Lagrange parameter regulating fluctua- tions in V . These Legendre transformations are mathematically analogous to the transition from the Lagrange function L(v, ) 2 to the Hamilton ... 55 and reaction . . . 8, 38, 119 activated state (thermodynamics, k B T  E i ) 341 active charge 119 active gravitational mass 8 actual (versus virtual) orbits 47, 48 addition rules for angula...

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... Vector as an Additional Conserved Quantity 39 7 The Rutherford Scattering Cross-section 41 8 Lagrange Formalism I: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian 45 8.1 The Lagrangian Function; Lagrangian Equations of ... Current Loops and their Equivalent Magnetic Dipoles 149 18.5 GyromagneticRatioandSpinMagnetism 151 19 Maxwell’s Equations I: Faraday’s and Maxwell’s Laws 153 19.1 Faraday’s Law of Induction and...

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... Experiment; LiquefactionofAir 319 41.7 Adiabatic ExpansionofanIdealGas 324 42 Phase Changes, van der Waals Theory and Related Topics 327 42.1 VanderWaals Theory 327 42.2 Magnetic Phase Changes; The Arrott Equation. ... Quantum Mechanics: Retrospect and Prospect 293 38 Appendix: “Mutual Preparation Algorithm” for Quantum Cryptography 297 Part I Mechanics and Basic Relativity 4 1 Space and Ti...

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... r and m s refer to the planet, and R and M s to the central star (“sun”), while γ is the gravitational constant. Here the [gravitational] masses play the role of gravitational charges, similar ... “active” and “passive” gravitational masses are equal (see the end of the preceding sec- tion), i.e., on the one hand, a body with an (active) gravitational charge M s generates a gravitational...

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... 50 8 Lagrange Formalism I: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Compared to the Newtonian equations of motion, the Lagrangian formal- ism thus: a) not only has the decisive advantage of optimum ... center-of-mass coordinates and the azimuthal angle ϕ are therefore cyclic; thus one has the total linear momentum and the orbital angular mo- mentum as conserved quantities, and because the Lagrangian ... U...

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