Chapter 040 Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 1) docx

... complex. Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 40. Diarrhea and Constipation DIARRHEA AND CONSTIPATION: INTRODUCTION Diarrhea and constipation ... surveys put prevalence rates for chronic diarrhea at 2–7% and for chronic constipation at 12– 19%, with women being affected twice as often as men....

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Vibrio species and Yersinia infections and should avoid raw fish. 4. Daycare attendees and their family members. Infections with Shigella, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, rotavirus, and other agents ... less, and abdominal cramping or bloating is greater; fever is higher with the latter. Cytotoxin-producing and invasive microorganisms all cause high fever and abdominal pain. Inva...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... polyethylene glycol) and evacuating with enema or glycerine suppository as needed. After breakfast, a distraction-free 15–20 min on the toilet Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 15) Approach ... physiologic function of the colon and pelvic floor and of psychological status aid impaction and most of the important diseases that present with constipation a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Diarrhea and urgency, especially if severe, may aggravate or cause incontinence. Pseudodiarrhea and fecal incontinence occur at prevalence rates ... comparable to or higher than that of chronic diarrhea and should always be considered in patients complaining of " ;diarrhea. " Overflow diarrhea may occur in nursing home patients due ... examination. A careful history...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... (ed): Textbook of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 4th ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003; and DR Syndman, in SL Gorbach (ed): Infectious Diarrhea. London, Blackwell, 1986. ... Campylobacter, Shigella, and Yersinia. Yersiniosis may also lead to an autoimmune-type thyroiditis, pericarditis, and glomerulonephritis. Both enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7) a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... viruses, and parasites, Brainerd diarrhea) Radiation injury Gastrointestinal malignancies Dysmotile causes Irritable bowel syndrome Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 7) ACUTE DIARRHEA: ... antibiotics and dosage regimens are otherwise dictated by specific pathogens, geographic patterns of resistance, and conditions found (Chaps. 122, 143, 146, 147, 1...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 2) Neural Control The small intestine and colon have intrinsic and extrinsic innervation. The intrinsic ... the small intestine and colon are part of the autonomic nervous system and also modulate motor and secretory functions. The parasympathetic nerves convey visceral sensory and excitatory pathways ... non-neural...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... management of acute diarrhea. Consider empirical Rx before evaluation with (*) metronidazole and with (t) quinolone. WBCs, white blood cells. Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 6) OTHER ... evaluate acute diarrhea depends on its severity and duration and on various host factors (Fig. 40-2). Most episodes of acute diarrhea are mild and self-limited and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... watery diarrhea, such as occurs with adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease) that may be accompanied by skin hyperpigmentation. Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part ... ingestion of drugs and toxins are the most common secretory causes of chronic diarrhea. Hundreds of prescription and over- the-counter medications (see "Other Causes of Acute...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... (e.g., colchicine, cholestyramine, neomycin), and chronic ischemia. Chapter 040. Diarrhea and Constipation (Part 9) OSMOTIC CAUSES Osmotic diarrhea occurs when ingested, poorly absorbable, ... associated with arthralgias, fever, lymphadenopathy, and extreme fatigue and may affect the central nervous system and endocardium. A similar clinical and histologic pictur...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21