Chapter 034 Cough and Hemoptysis (Part 4) pot

... Chapter 034. Cough and Hemoptysis (Part 4) Table 34-1 Differential Diagnosis of Hemoptysis Source other than the lower respiratory ... some series) have no identifiable etiology for their hemoptysis. These patients are classified as having idiopathic or cryptogenic hemoptysis, and subtle airway or parenchymal disease is presumably ... lower frequency of tuberculo...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... rarely from an aortic aneurysm. Chapter 034. Cough and Hemoptysis (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 34. Cough and Hemoptysis Cough Cough is an explosive expiration ... interference with normal lifestyle, and concern for the cause of the cough, especially fear of cancer. Mechanism Examples of parenchymal lung disease potentially producing...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... chest x-ray. Chapter 034. Cough and Hemoptysis (Part 2) Approach to the Patient: Cough A detailed history frequently provides the most valuable clues for the etiology of the cough. Particularly ... possibility of eosinophilic bronchitis. Gram and acid- Algorithm for management of cough lasting >3 weeks. Cough between 3 and 8 weeks is considered subacute; c...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... ventricular failure. Chapter 034. Cough and Hemoptysis (Part 3) Complications Common complications of coughing include chest and abdominal wall soreness, urinary incontinence, and exhaustion. ... amounts of blood is a frightening symptom and may be a marker for potentially serious disease, such as bronchogenic carcinoma. Massive hemoptysis, on the other hand, can r...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... the evaluation of nonmassive hemoptysis. ENT, ear, nose, and throat; GI, gastrointestinal; CT, computed tomography. Hemoptysis: Treatment The rapidity of bleeding and its effect on gas exchange ... coagulation profile, and assessment for renal disease with a urinalysis and measurement of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. When sputum is present, examination by Gram and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 017. Fever and Hyperthermia (Part 4) Chronology of events required for the induction of fever. AMP, adenosine ... 5'-monophosphate; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; PGE 2 , prostaglandin E 2 ; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.There are four receptors for PGE 2 , and each signals the cell in different ways. Of the four ... neurotransmitter. Rather, the release of PGE...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 12:20

... BP, blood pressure; CV, central venous; ROR, rate of rewarming.[newpage] Chapter 020. Hypothermia and Frostbite (Part 4) Rewarming Strategies The key initial decision is whether to rewarm ... (CPB) Circuit—full circulatory support with pump and oxygenator Perfusate-temperature gradient (5°–10°C) Flow rates 2–7 L/min (ave. 3 4) ROR up to 9.5°C/h Note: BP, blood press...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 12:21

... Chapter 047. Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia (Part 4) Table 47-2 Causes of Hypocalcemia Low Parathyroid Hormone Levels

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 059. Bleeding and Thrombosis (Part 4) Approach to the Patient: Bleeding and Thrombosis Clinical Presentation Disorders of hemostasis ... inherited or acquired. A detailed personal and family history is key in determining the chronicity of symptoms and the likelihood of the disorder being inherited and it provides clues to underlying ... clues as to the etiolog...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... this pain-modulating circuit contain endogenous opioid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 4) Pain transmission and modulatory pathways. A. Transmission system for nociceptive ... circuits has links in the hypothalamus, midbrain, and medulla, and it selectively controls spinal pain-transmission neurons through a descending pathway (Fig. 12 -4). Huma...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20