Perlman - Practical Ecology for Planners, Developers and Citizens - Chapter 8 pptx

... natural and semi-natural areas of various types; in the next chapter, we will discuss how damaged lands can be restored and how natural and semi-natural lands can be managed for long- term ecological ... These are the lands found in Categories 5 to 8 of our natural lands typology in Chapter 7: working lands, local nature areas, parks and recreation areas, and “accidental” urb...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 14:20

... pragmatic conserva- tionist presents at least two of the many arguments for conserving nature: an economic or practical argument that appeals to politicians and business- and engineering-oriented individuals, ... and engineering-oriented individuals, and an ethical argument that avoids discus- sions of money and appeals directly to human intuition. For land use planners and...

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... however, the town-become-city now ex- tends well out into the neighboring farmlands, rangelands, and mountains and has become part of a larger metropolitan complex (see Figure 3-1 ). Exponentia ... native habitat. This is a zero-sum game with three players: natural habi- tats, agricultural lands, and urban land uses. As one land use expands—typically, human-inhabited areas—one or both...

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... that 8 HUMANS, NATURE, AND INTERACTIONS Figure 1-1 . This sample site map shows a fifty-acre (20 ha) farm, including fields, farm buildings, a stream and wetlands, and some forest. Like many maps and ... their lives in the wetland. Land use planners, designers, and developers usually work within unam- biguous geographic boundaries and over relatively short time periods. In c...

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... 57 Figure 4-3 . Modern-day Petersham, Massachusetts. This landscape was mostly farm- land in the 180 0s but is now once again mostly forested. Box 4-1 The Long-Term Context: Extinctions and Fluctuations ... species, and how energy and nu- trients flow through the landscape. These topics relate directly to land use and offer planners and designers specific recommendations for im...

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... into a handful of guide- lines for ecologically based planning and design. First, as we plan human land uses, it is important to understand the patterns of native populations and meta- populations ... bullfrogs and mosquitofish, also compete with red-legged frogs for specific food sources. Both bullfrogs and mosquitofish were introduced to California by humans for food and mosqui...

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... give -and- take, and land development is marked by risk-averse formulas for financial success. As a planner, designer, developer, or involved citizen, you stand at the epicenter of this conflict. For ... and to preserve nature’s mag- nificent legacy for its own sake and that of future human generations. The Ecology of Landscapes 127 Figure 6-5 b. High-speed two-lane roads have t...

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... Land cover data usually distinguish among various types of forests, grasslands, or wetlands (e.g., coniferous forest versus mixed forest versus hard- wood forest) and are especially helpful for ... scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to pro- vide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unim- paire...

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... mechanics.The information pro- vided here is intended to help planners and designers assess when and how restoration might play a part in their projects, understand and critique restora- tion plans and designs ... example, ecologists use fire and clearing (tree and shrub cutting) to change forests to more open ecosystem types, such as savannas, shrublands, and grass- lands. Once...

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... vegetation on the landscape for as long possible while weav- ing corridors and small reserves into the built portion of the landscape (see Fig- ure 6-1 0). Fortunately, this land transformation model ... small portion of the land in a manner that has no long-term negative effects. For example, low- intensity forestry, very low-density development, and many types of passive (nature-b...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 14:20