Quantitative Methods for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Cambridge, 2006) - Chapter 6 pot

... Catch (thousands of tons) 1 965 1.78 94 1 966 1.31 212 1 967 0.91 195 1 968 0. 96 383 1 969 0.88 320 1970 0.9 402 1971 0.87 366 1972 0.72 60 6 1973 0.57 378 1974 0.45 319 1975 0.42 309 19 76 0.42 389 1977 ... PðtÞ 5 0 (6: 16) Include the rule that if E(t þ1) is predicted by Eqs. (6. 16) to be less than 0 then E(t þ1) ¼0 and that if E(t) ¼0, then E(t þ1) ¼DE þ . Iterate Eqs. (6. 15) a...

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... undergraduates, graduate students, post-docs, and even those beyond) who wants to develop the intuition and skills required for reading the literature in theoretical and mathematical biology and for doing work in ... (Einum and Fleming used both 28 and 107 days with similar results) when egg mass is x. Einum and Fleming chose to model S(x)by SðxÞ¼1 À x min x  a (1:7) whe...

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... sketch a graph with l on the x-axis and y ¼l or y ¼Àre Àl on the y-axis and look for their intersections and note that if  ¼0 then l ¼Àr). 148 The evolutionary ecology of parasitoids hosts at ... has the potential of high mortality rates for small insects, and found that the predictions and experimental results were once again consistent. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 1...

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... then that N(1) 60 (by reading where the line N ¼50 intersects the curve). We then go back to the x-axis, for N(1) 60 , we see that N(2) 69 .6; we then go back to the x-axis for N(2) and obtain N(3). ... 10 –1 –0.8 –0 .6 –0.4 –0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0 .6 0.8 1 (a) x y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 –1 –0.8 –0 .6 –0.4 –0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0 .6 0.8 1 (b) x y 0 (d) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 .6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 – 16 –15 –14 –13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 –7 6 (a) p L( p| 4, 10) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 .6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 – 76 –75 –74 –73 –72 –71 –70 69 68 67 66 p (b) L( p| 40, ... 10 Figure 3.9. The sum of squared deviations for estimate of an unknown value M by the data 6. 469 4, 5.0 96, 6. 0359, 5.3725, 6. 5354, 6. 5529, 5.7 963 , 3.945, 6. 13 26, 7.592...

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... interest and oppor- tunity for modeling (Lipp et al. 2002, Hastings 1997, 2001, Hastings and McKinnon 1998, Hastings and D’Allesandro 2000, Hastings et al. 2002) and opportunities exist for new ... 5 .6. Solutions of various forms of the SIR model. (a) The basic SIR model for an epidemic (b ¼0.005, v ¼0.3; true for panels b and c); (b) the SIRS model for an endemic disease...

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... can choose appropriate forms for a(X, t) and b(X, t). In the next chapter, we will discuss this artistry in more detail, but before we create new art, we need to under- stand how the tools work. General ... tjx c Þg (7 :60 ) and the procedure from here should be obvious: Taylor expand in powers of dX and dt and then take the average over dX. General diffusion processes and the ba...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... (Halley and Iwasa 1998, Diserud and Engen 2000, Hakoyama and Iwasa 2000, Lande et al. 2003) takes the form dX ¼ bðX Þdt þ ffiffiffiffiffi a e p X dW e þ ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi a d X p dW d ,wherea e and a d are the envir- onmental ... side of Eq. (8 .61 ), and that, for example Ð 1 0 tu txx dt ¼ ðq 2 =qx 2 Þ Ð 1 0 tu t dt ¼ h xx and which allows us to rewrite Eq. (8 .61 )as " 2 h xx  xh x ¼ ð 1...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 24 two-dimensional 48–58 diffusion and exponential growth 64 69 , 78 and logistic growth 69 –73, 79 as a random walk 58– 64 , 77–78 in a bounded region 62 64 , 78 in an unbounded region 60 62 , 78 linear ... optimal foraging theory, evolutionary stable strategies, and quantitative genetics. Evolutionary Ecology, 6, 152– 169 . Mangel, M. (1998). No-take areas for sustainab...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Std. error t -Statistic Prob. C 8.33E-07 0.000144 0.0057 76 0.9954 AR(1) 0.00 060 0 0.04 061 2 0.014773 0.9882 AR(3) 0.019545 0.0358 86 0.54 463 9 0.5 861 AR (6) 0.018085 0.0318 76 0. 567 366 0.57 06 AR(10) −0.028997 ... 0.052594 −4.54 261 6 0.0000 AR(8) 0.1828 16 0.0 468 78 3.899801 0.0001 AR(9) 0.0 264 31 0. 060 321 0.438 169 0 .66 13 AR(10) −0 .61 560 1 0.0 761 71 −8.081 867 0.0000 M...

Ngày tải lên: 03/05/2014, 16:47