Quantitative Methods for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Cambridge, 2006) - Chapter 3 doc

... Probability and some statistics Chapter 3 Probability and some statistics In the January 20 03 issue of Trends in Ecology and Evolution, Andrew Read (Read 20 03) reviewed two books on modern statistical methods (Crawley ... l ¼Np (for which we set t ¼1 implicitly). Random search with depletion In many situations in ecology and evolutionary biology, we deal with random s...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 0.41 0 2 0 .32 8 0.21 3 0.252 0 .39 4 0.182 0.95 5 0.142 1 .32 6 0.085 1.48 7 0.057 2.45 8 0. 031 3. 78 9 0.021 2.56 10 0.014 4.07 11 0.005 3. 76 12 0.005 3 13 0.002 2 14 0.002 0 (a) Compute R 0 and use ... the lit- erature can be found in Mangel and Tier (19 93, 1994), Young (1994), Root (1998), and Wilcox and Elderd (20 03) . Ceilings and the distribution of extinction ti...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... undergraduates, graduate students, post-docs, and even those beyond) who wants to develop the intuition and skills required for reading the literature in theoretical and mathematical biology and for doing work in ... University of Oxford). (c) Foraging seabirds on New Brighton Beach, California, face diet choice and patch leaving problems. Foraging in patchy environments 3 B...

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... is abso- lutely essential for your understanding of the material. The steady states of the differential equation (2 .32 ) satisfy x 3 x ¼. In Figure 2.13a, I plotted the curve y ¼x 3 x and the ... Eq. (2.22) and write r ¼ lim t!1 1 t E log NðtÞ Nð0Þ  (2: 23) This formula is useful when dealing with data and when using simula- tion models (for a nice example, see Easterl...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... al. 19 83) and behavior (Olson and Andow 1997); and patch-leaving behavior (Hemerik et al. 19 93, Rosenheim and Mangel 1994, Vos et al. 1998, Wajnberg et al. 2000, van Alphen et al. 20 03) . Stochastic ... for s ! s à (4 :33 b) and solution of these equations will tell us the within-season population dynamics of hosts, given the behavior of the parasitoids. Equations (4 .33 ) are...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

...  M M T  (5 :33 ) and we now work with variables h(t) and m(t) denoting the fraction of infected humans and fraction of infected mosquitoes respectively. From Eqs. (5 .32 ) and (5 .33 ), the dynamics ... al. 2002, Gardner and Thomas 2002, Rolff and Siva-Jothy 2002, 20 03, Wegner et al. 20 03) . Shudo and Iwasa (2001) treat this question as a form of inducible defense (also se...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Catch (thousands of tons) 1965 1.78 94 1966 1 .31 212 1967 0.91 195 1968 0.96 38 3 1969 0.88 32 0 1970 0.9 402 1971 0.87 36 6 1972 0.72 606 19 73 0.57 37 8 1974 0.45 31 9 1975 0.42 30 9 1976 0.42 38 9 1977 ... of fishing effort E and the effectiveness, q, of that eff ort in r (per year) T (8C) 0. 23 1.75 0.17 0.0 0.27 1.75 0.2 1.0 0 .31 2.5 0.15 1.75 0 .36 3. 75 0 .36 3. 76 0.6 8...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 910 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 (a) X(t ) t t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 2.8 3 3.2 3. 4 3. 6 3. 8 4 4.2 4.4 (c) X(t ) t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 3 3.5 4 (b) 4.5 X(t ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 (d) 5.5 t X(t ... 0.15 0.2 0.25 0 .3 0 .35 –5 –4 3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 ×10 3 t Y(t ) Figure 7.12. Five trajectories of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process, simulated for  ¼0....

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Yield) 238 Euler–Lotka equation of population demography 31 1 31 4, 31 9 32 0 events 81–84, 85 evolutionary theory biodemography 31 1 31 4, 31 9 32 0 escape from a domain of attraction 285–287, 31 7, 31 9 punctuated ... environments 31 36 population growth in fluctuating environments 31 36 , 73 74 predation and random search 20 – 23, 24 two-dimensional 48–58 diffusion and exp...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... filling methods for missing data 38 5 13. 4 Empirical results 39 3 13. 5 Concluding remarks 39 5 Appendix A 39 6 Appendix B 39 7 References 39 8 Index 401 18 Applied Quantitative Methods for Trading and ... −0.028997 0. 037 436 −0.774561 0. 438 7 MA(1) −0.000884 0. 038 411 −0.0 230 12 0.9816 MA (3) −0.015096 0.026 538 −0.568 839 0.5696 MA(6) −0.014584 0.0260 53 −0.559792 0...

Ngày tải lên: 03/05/2014, 16:47