Research Techniques in Animal Ecology - Chapter 2 ppsx

... banding, col- laring, wing tagging, harnessing, gluing, tying, suturing, clamping, and implanting (Kenward 1987; Samuel and Fuller 1994). Since the earliest uses of radiomarking in birds, it ... 4 Conservation Biology 10 8 0 2 Ecology 31 28 2 1 Journal of Animal Ecology 15 15 0 0 Journal of Wildlife Management 37 30 3 4 Oecologia 12 10 0 2 Oikos 17 15 0 2 Total 23 8 21 5...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... stochastic environments: Are we missing the point? Comments. Theoretical Biology 1: 129 –158. Erlinge, S. 1977. Spacing strategy in stoat Mustela erminea. Oikos 28 : 32 42. Erlinge, S. 1979. Adaptive significance ... 1970. Dominance, spacing behaviour and aggression in relation to population limitation in vertebrates. In A Watson, ed., Animal populations in relation to their food...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Allogrooming Behavior (bottom) Among Nine Wood Mice Receiver (avoid) M1 M2 M3 F1 F2 M 4 F3 F4 M5 M1 * 52 180 9 18 1 92 11 66 26 M2 8 * 22 0 6 15 3 11 0 M3 10 15 * 6 10 18 4 10 16 F1000*100 12 Actor ... recorded during social interactions. In this we explore interactions during grooming and dominance. In the fourth section we explore methods used for gathering data on social interact...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... of hypotheses in eco- logical research. Hypothesis Testing in Ecology 3 ᭿ What Is a Hypothesis? Hypotheses must be universal in their application, but the meaning of univer- sal in ecology is far ... from the density-dependent paradigm to a conservation biologist studying an en- Hypothesis Testing in Ecology 11 Oregon and Washington (Bart and Forsman 19 92; Carey et al. 19 9...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... zibethicus) during a general population increase swelled 3 0- to 9 0- fold in low-quality habitats but much less in high-quality habitats. Considering that, in general, animals in poor-quality habitats ... House Rooms % Available % Used Manly–Chesson Selectivity Index a Manly–Chesson Standardized Index b Before renovation Kitchen 10 20 2. 00 0.40 Bedroom 20 50 2. 50 0.51 Oth...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... salamanders 20 20 20 30 60 40 50 60 120 190 24 0 320 400 >500 >500 Moths 20 20 20 30 60 40 60 80 120 21 0 28 0 320 440 >500 >500 Frogs and toads 20 20 20 30 70 50 60 80 120 23 0 28 0 360 460 ... 10 10 20 20 20 20 30 40 70 80 100 120 20 0 380 Snakes 10 10 10 20 30 20 20 30 50 80 90 120 150 22 0 460 Dragonflies 10 10 10 20 30 20 30 30 50 80 100 130 170 23 0...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... response that again is evaluated by monitoring. And the process of perpetual modeling, manipulating, monitor- ing, evaluating, and revising the model continues indefinitely. Given the com- plexity of ... National Park. In R. Cook, ed. Ecological issues on reintroducing wolves into Yel- lowstone National Park, 23 4 26 9. U.S. National Park Service Scientific Monograph NPS/NR YELL/NRSM-93 /22...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... varia- tion model developed earlier in this chapter. Instead of each animal having 322 GARY C. WHITE mates used in the model. Uncertainty about the model is not included in this confidence interval ... a declining population. Most populations for which we are concerned about extinction probabilities have suffered a serious decline in numbers. The geno- types remaining after a sever...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 34; physiology, 20 22 , 26 , 28 29 , 32 33; predation, 21 , 25 , 32 34; reproduction, 27 29 , 33–34; social behavior, 33; stress, 33; survival, 18 22 , 25 , 27 , 29 –30, 32 34 marking techniques: branding, 23 , 24 , ... 32 34; condition, 20 21 , 25 , 27 , 33; energetics, 31, 33, 35; foraging, 18, 29 , 33; growth, 18 22 , 33–34; locomotion, 18–19; mass, 20 21 , 27 , 32 34; m...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 21 7 Improving Index Surveys 22 0 Spatial Aspects of Measuring Changes in Indices 22 1 Monitoring Indices Over Time 22 2 Power Estimation for Monitoring Programs 22 3 Variability of Indices of Animal ... Abundance 22 4 Sampling Requirements for Robust Monitoring Programs 22 7 Setting Objectives for a Monitoring Program 22 8 Conclusions 22 9 Acknowledgments 23 2 Appendix 7.1 23...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:57