From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 6 pot
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 6 pot
... 10/24/05 1:55 PM Page 166
168 CHAPTER 6
to disperse to these patches when and where they occur. There
are, however, other specific ways in which organisms may gain
from being close to neighbors in space ... al., 1 966 ).
Individuals may also gain from living in groups if this helps to
locate food, give warning of predators or if it pays for individuals
to join forces in...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 3 potx
... lost
forever
photosynthetically
active radiation
2.1
2.1
1 .68
1 .68
1 .68
1 .68
1. 26
0.84
2.1
2.1
1 .68 1 .68
1 .68
1 .68
2.1
1 .68
1. 26
0.84
0.84
1. 26
2.1
1 .68
1. 26
1 .68
2.1
2.1
2.1
1 .68
0.84
Figure ... organisms
1
H
3
Li
11
Na
19
K
37
Rb
55
Cs
87
Fr
4
Be
12
Mg
20
Ca
38
Sr
56
Ba
88
Ra
21
Sc
39
Y
57
La
89
Ac
22
Ti
40
Zr
72
Hf
23
V
41
Nb
73
Ta
24
Cr
42
Mo
74
W
25
Mn
43...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 9 potx
... mice should abandon patches at
••
Travel time (s)
(a)
(c)
0
96
832 16 24
80
64
48
32
16
Time in patch (s)
(b)
0
96
832 16 24
80
64
48
32
16
Figure 9.23 (a) An experimental ‘tree’ for great tits, with ... the behavior that leads to predator aggrega-
tion (Section 9 .6. 1), the optimal foraging approach to patch use
(Section 9 .6. 2) and the distribution patterns that are like...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 13 potx
... produce powerful toxic alkaloids that
••••
another mutualism
extending beyond
two species
SST (°C)
27
31
(a)
1 961
Year
30
29
28
1951
19 56
1 966
1971
19 96
19 76
1981
19 86
1991
1 966
Live coral cover ... be
toxic to the host.
13.5.2 Ruminant guts
The stomach of ruminants comprises a three-part forestomach
(rumen, reticulum and omasum) followed by an enzyme-
secreting abomasum that...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 16 pot
... 1.7 0.18 1–4
50–294 26. 5 3.7 0.28 2–7
> 294 11.4 2.5 0.25 1 6
May 19 76 < 49 66 .5 1.9 0.19 1–5
50–294 35.9 4.3 0.34 2 6
> 294 4.7 3.5 0. 26 1 6
October 19 76 < 49 67 .7 1.9 0.14 1–4
50–294 ... (Adapted from Belyea & Lancaster, 1999; Booth &
Swanton, 2002.)
Chapter 16
The Nature of the
Community: Patterns
in Space and Time
EIPC 16 10/24/05 2:10 PM Page 469...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 1 pptx
... 1
••••
14 CHAPTER 1
N
62
95
68
70
54
53
43
55
85
86
76
99
81
91
77
84
89
75
59
60
61
67
74
69
83
82
97
90
94
81
50
52
49
51
48
37
35
36
38
39
47
44
46
66
58
81
80
98
punalua
group
(58 65 )
glabriapex
group
(34–57)
grimshawi ... group
(66 –101)
planitidia group
(17–33)
40
41
42
2221
2524
26
27
23
18
19
17
20
34
32
161 3
15
14
6
4
5
1
adiastola group
(3– 16)
2
3
Niiha...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 2 pps
... were tested for
freezing tolerance and ability to acclimate to cold. Individuals
from the most freeze-tolerant population (from Manitoba)
tolerated −49°C in laboratory tests and acclimated ... 1000s)
4.5
50
8.0
Length of 5-month-old cod (mm)
7.5
7.0
6. 5
6. 0
5.5
5.0
10 060 70 80 90
Temperature (°C)
2.5
–5
5
NAO index
4.5
4
3.5
3
6 4–3–2–1012345
Length of 5-month-old cod (mm)
50...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 4 ppt
... 11.5 18.9 61 .6
Age at maturity 10.7 7.2 26. 7 55.4
Interlitter interval 6. 6 13.5 16. 1 63 .8
Maximum lifespan 9.7 10.1 12.4 67 .8
Neonatal weight 2.9 5.5 26. 6 64 .9
Adult weight 2.9 7.5 21.0 68 .5
EIPC04 ... 0
1 62 0.000 062 0 4 ,60 0 0.285 0.285
2 34 0.0000340 8,700 0.2 96 0.592
3 20 0.0000200 11 ,60 0 0.232 0 .69 6
4 15.5* 0.0000155 12,700 0.197 0.788
5 11 0.000110 12,700 0.140...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 5 pps
...
••••
0
8
4
(a)
L
0
60
Carrot density (plants pot
–1
)
1
Dry weight (g pot
–1
)
4 166 4
30
(d)
L
1 4 166 4
M
1 4 166 4
H
0
60
30
(c)
L M H
0
60
30
(b)
L M H
Figure 5.13 The relationship between
yield per pot and ... weeks from
emergence)
4
Plant weight (mg)
10 16 28 40
Medium density
1440 m
–2
4 10 16 28 40
High density
360 0 m
–2
0
4
20
30
40
10
10 16 28 40
Low density
60...
From Individuals to Ecosystems 4th Edition - Chapter 7 docx
... 0000
Small flowering 0 0. 566 0.5 06 0.137 0. 167 0. 367
Medium flowering 0 0.111 0.210 0 .60 8 0. 167 0.300
Large flowering 0 0 0.012 0.039 0 .66 7 0. 167
Alive undefined 0 0.222 0.198 0.1 96 0 0.133
the case of ... 2.00)
Male mortality at age 1 22. 96 (± 2.30) 22. 96 (± 2.30)
Male mortality at age 2 22. 96 (± 2.30) 22. 96 (± 2.30)
Adult male mortality 26. 36 (± 2 .64 ) 26. 36 (± 2 .64...