Chapter 028 Sleep Disorders (Part 1) docx

... illness-related) can lead to sleep or circadian rhythm disorders. Normal nocturnal sleep in adults displays a consistent organization from night to night (Fig. 28 -1). After sleep onset, sleep usually ... mid-afternoon nap and a shortened night sleep. Two principal systems govern the sleep- wake cycle: one actively generates sleep and sleep- related processes and another...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 2) Stages of REM sleep (solid bars), the four stages of NREM sleep, and wakefulness over the course of the ... slow-wave sleep may be completely absent, particularly in males. A different age profile exists for REM sleep than for slow-wave sleep. In infancy, REM sleep may comprise 50% of total sleep time, ... and Women's H...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... desired sleep- wake cycle can, therefore, induce insomnia, decreased alertness, and impaired performance evident in night- shift workers and airline travelers. Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part ... architecture of sleep are directly coupled to the output of the endogenous circadian pacemaker. Paradoxically, the endogenous circadian rhythms of sleep tendency, sleepiness, an...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... after NREM sleep interruptions, though these typically lack the detail and vividness of REM sleep dreams. The incidence of NREM sleep dream recall can be increased by selective REM sleep deprivation, ... sleep, persisting in individuals kept awake at night. In addition, exogenous melatonin increases sleepiness and increases sleep duration when administered to healthy adults...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... with multiple sleep Narcoleps y-cataplexy Stimulants (e.g., modafinil, Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 5) Disorders of Sleep and Wakefulness Approach to the Patient: Sleep Disorders Patients ... because of one of several symptoms: (1) an acute or chronic inability to initiate or maintain sleep adequately at night (insomnia); (2) chronic fatigue, sleepiness,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... producing a state Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 6) Evaluation of Insomnia Insomnia is the complaint of inadequate sleep; it can be classified according to the nature of sleep disruption ... falling asleep (sleep onset insomnia), frequent or sustained awakenings (sleep maintenance insomnia), early morning awakenings (sleep offset insomnia), or persistent sleepiness...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 7) Psychophysiologic Insomnia Persistent psychophysiologic insomnia is ... show decreased slow-wave sleep and reduced sleep continuity. In mania and hypomania, sleep latency is increased and total sleep time can be reduced. Patients with anxiety disorders tend not to ... substantially reduce hypoxia during sleep. Comorbid Insom...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 8) Insomnia Associated with Neurologic Disorders A variety of neurologic diseases result in sleep disruption through both ... a sleep complaint (Chap. 363). Often the history is of abnormal behavior, at times with convulsive movements during sleep. The differential diagnosis includes REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep ... disrupt...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 9) Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) Patients with this sensory-motor disorder ... the cause of disturbed sleep. When deemed to be the latter, PLMS is called PLMD. PLMS occurs in a wide variety of sleep disorders (including narcolepsy, sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder, ... Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's H...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... of REM sleep characteristics (e.g., muscle atonia, Chapter 028. Sleep Disorders (Part 10) Specific questioning about the occurrence of sleep episodes during normal waking hours, both intentional ... results in chronic sleep disruption (e.g., sleep apnea in hypothyroidism) or in abnormal sleep (e.g., fibromyalgia). While clinical evaluation of the complaint of excess...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20