Chapter 012 Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 1) pptx

... small-diameter myelinated A- delta (Aδ) and the unmyelinated (C fiber) axons (Fig. 12 -1). These fibers are present in nerves to the skin and to deep somatic and visceral structures. Some tissues, ... properties illustrate the duality of pain: it is both sensation and emotion. When acute, pain is characteristically associated with behavioral arousal and a stress response consis...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... platelet-mediated blood clotting and are thus associated with increased Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 6) a Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics have not ... of compounds in the management of acute severe pain. Ketorolac is sufficiently potent and rapid in onset to supplant opioids for many patients with acute severe headac...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... headache a Rheumatoid arthritis a,b Chronic low back pain b Cancer Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 8) Antidepressant Medications The tricyclic antidepressants ... degree of tolerance and physical dependence are likely with long-term use. Therefore, before embarking on opioid therapy, other options should be explored, and the limitations...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... messengers of threats to tissue injury but also play an active role in Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 2) Sensitization When intense, repeated, or prolonged stimuli ... nociceptors is lowered and the frequency of firing is higher for all stimulus intensities. Inflammatory mediators such as bradykinin, nerve growth factor, some prostaglandins, a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... this pain-modulating circuit contain endogenous opioid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 4) Pain transmission and modulatory pathways. A. Transmission system for nociceptive ... significant analgesic effect (placebo). On the other hand, many patients find even minor injuries (such as venipuncture) frightening and unbearable, and the expectation...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMJ 332:1302, 2006 [PMID: ... Macintyre PE: Safety and efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia. Br J Anaesth 87:36, 2001 [PMID: 11460812] Wager TD et al: Placebo-induced changes in FMRI in the anticipation and expe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... 6 00–1200 q 8 h Oxcarbaz ine 3 00 bid Pregab alin 1 50–600 bid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 5) Sympathetically Maintained Pain Patients with peripheral ... soft tissue trauma, myocardial infarction, and stroke (Chap. 370). Although the pathophysiology of this condition is poorly understood, the pain and the signs of inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... Activators of Emesis Chapter 039. Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 39. Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion: ... Optimal pharmacologic management of vomiting requires understanding of these pathways. Several brain stem nuclei—including the nucleus tractus solitarius, dorsal vagal...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Kim and Young-Woo Lee Part 2 Energy Management 185 Chapter 10 Management Crisis in Partial Deregulation of Energy Sector and Modeling the Technical and Economic Results of Organizational Management ...  β , and  Θ . β min is a lower bound of β ∗ , and  β and  Θ are the step sizes for searching β ∗ and Θ ∗ , respectively. The algorithm executes the following steps t...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... de Oliveira and Bruna Lima Cabral Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Part 2 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Waste Water - Evaluation and Management ... Lalor, Daire O hUallacháin and Karl G. Richards Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Part 3 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Contents VI Satellite Moni...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 05:20