Chapter 012 Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 9) docx

... selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMJ 332:1302, 2006 [PMID: ... Macintyre PE: Safety and efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia. Br J Anaesth 87:36, 2001 [PMID: 11460812] Wager TD et al: Placebo-induced changes in FMRI in the anticipation and expe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... messengers of threats to tissue injury but also play an active role in Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 2) Sensitization When intense, repeated, or prolonged stimuli ... nociceptors is lowered and the frequency of firing is higher for all stimulus intensities. Inflammatory mediators such as bradykinin, nerve growth factor, some prostaglandins, a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... this pain-modulating circuit contain endogenous opioid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 4) Pain transmission and modulatory pathways. A. Transmission system for nociceptive ... significant analgesic effect (placebo). On the other hand, many patients find even minor injuries (such as venipuncture) frightening and unbearable, and the expectation...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... platelet-mediated blood clotting and are thus associated with increased Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 6) a Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics have not ... of compounds in the management of acute severe pain. Ketorolac is sufficiently potent and rapid in onset to supplant opioids for many patients with acute severe headac...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... headache a Rheumatoid arthritis a,b Chronic low back pain b Cancer Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 8) Antidepressant Medications The tricyclic antidepressants ... degree of tolerance and physical dependence are likely with long-term use. Therefore, before embarking on opioid therapy, other options should be explored, and the limitations...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... tissue damage, the quality, time course, and location of a patient's pain complaint and the location of tenderness provide important diagnostic clues and are used to evaluate the response ... properties illustrate the duality of pain: it is both sensation and emotion. When acute, pain is characteristically associated with behavioral arousal and a stress response consisting...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... 6 00–1200 q 8 h Oxcarbaz ine 3 00 bid Pregab alin 1 50–600 bid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 5) Sympathetically Maintained Pain Patients with peripheral ... soft tissue trauma, myocardial infarction, and stroke (Chap. 370). Although the pathophysiology of this condition is poorly understood, the pain and the signs of inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... to the method by Strickland and Parsons (1972). Particulate organic carbon (POC) analyses were carried out using wet oxidation method and spectrophotometry (Strickland and Parsons 1972; Parsons ... contents are registered in Soliman and Beni Khaled regions; and relatively low contents distinguish Menzel Bou Zelfa and Bou Argoub regions (Fig. 9). High and moderate strontium c...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 05:20

... between WLS and our new approach has been performed on IEEE 118 bus system. Three test scenarios that include two random bad data, two random interacting and conforming bad data, and two random topology ... Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Energy Technology and Management 158 and F. F. Wu and E. H. E. Liu, 19 89). A geometric int...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Further Readings Chapter 039. Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion (Part 9) Helicobacter pylori Eradication H. pylori eradication is clearly indicated only for peptic ulcer and mucosa- associated ... implantation, and gastroplication, have been investigated in patients with refractory GERD with variable results and some adverse consequences. Some patients with functional...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21