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Chapter 003 Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) ppt

Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) ppt

Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) ppt

... disease is the underlying cause. The absence of a resting Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) Diagnostic Hypothesis Generation Cognitive scientists studying the thought ... make teaching diagnostic reasoning difficult is that expert clinicians do not follow a fixed pattern in patient examinations. From the outset, they are generating, refining, and discarding diagnostic ... examiner to the exclusion of all other inputs until answered, allowing the examiner to move on to the next specific question. Negative findings are often as important as positive ones in establishing...
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Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) pptx

Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) pptx

... patients Chapter 003. Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) Economic Incentives Economic incentives are closely related to the other two categories of practice-modifying factors. Financial ... understanding of the patient's problem qualifies as a diagnostic test. Thus, even the history and physical examination can be considered a form of diagnostic test. In clinical medicine, it ... can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory influences on clinical practice. In general, physicians are paid on a fee-for-service, capitation, or salary basis. In fee-for-service, the more the...
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Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) potx

Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) potx

... family history of cancer. Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) Recall of family history is often inaccurate. This is especially so when the history is remote ... reported in the family history before making important and, in certain circumstances, irreversible management decisions. This process is often labor intensive and ideally involves interviews ... pedigree obtained in such families may not exhibit a clear Mendelian inheritance pattern, as not all family members carrying the disease-associated alleles will manifest a clinical disorder....
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Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) docx

Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) docx

... 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) Long-Term Expression in Genetic Disease: In Vivo Gene Transfer with Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral (AAV) Vectors Recombinant AAV vectors ... by mutations in several different genes; ~15% of cases of LCA are due to a mutation in a gene, RPE65, encoding a retinal pigment epithelial protein. In dogs with a null mutation in RPE65, sight ... disease. Preclinical studies with recombinant AAV vectors infused into skeletal muscle or liver have resulted in long-term (>5 years) expression of factor VIII or factor IX in the hemophilic...
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Chapter 067. Applications of Stem Cell Biology in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) pot

Chapter 067. Applications of Stem Cell Biology in Clinical Medicine (Part 3) pot

... dysfunction after spinal cord injury reflects demyelination, and both ES cells and marrow-derived stem cells are able to facilitate remyelination after experimental spinal cord injury. Clinical trials ... for stem cell therapies include spinal cord injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Batten disease, and Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, ... hyperinsulinemia/hypoglycemia, and the cells must avoid immune rejection. Although ES cells can be differentiated into cells that produce insulin, these cells have relatively low insulin content...
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Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 1) pptx

Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 1) pptx

... role in educating patients about the indications, benefits, risks, and limitations of genetic testing in the management of Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part ... (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 64. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine Implications of Molecular Genetics for Internal Medicine The field of medical genetics ... classified, enhancing our understanding of pathophysiology, providing practical information concerning drug metabolism and therapeutic responses, and allowing for individualized screening and health...
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Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 2) pptx

Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 2) pptx

... documented in the pedigree include the presence or absence of nonhereditary risk factors among those affected with diseases, and the finding of multiple diseases in an individual patient. For instance, ... including grandparents. When pedigrees appear to suggest an inherited disease, they should be extended to include additional family members. The determination of risk for an asymptomatic individual ... two- to fivefold, underscoring the importance of family history for these prevalent disorders. Pending further advances in genetic testing, the key to assessing the inherited risk for common...
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Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) pptx

Chapter 064. The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) pptx

... The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) Molecular analysis is generally more informative if testing is initiated in a symptomatic family member, since the identification of ... Informed consent for molecular testing begins with detailed education and counseling (Fig. 64 -3). The patient must fully understand the risks, benefits, and limitations of undergoing the Chapter ... mutations (Chap. 345). Informed Consent When the issue of testing is addressed, patients should be strongly encouraged to involve other relatives in the decision-making process, as molecular...
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Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 4) ppt

Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 4) ppt

... constitutive expression of angiogenesis inhibitors such as angiostatin and endostatin; use of siRNA to reduce levels of Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 4) Another local approach ... encoding a T cell receptor–like molecule, with a tumor antigen–binding domain fused to an intracellular signaling domain to allow T cell activation, thereby converting normal lymphocytes into ... immune-enhancing genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, or co-stimulatory molecules. Sustained clinical responses provide evidence that the transduced cells can act as a vaccine. In a related...
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Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) ppt

Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) ppt

... dopamine, or of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid, have been introduced into affected areas of the brain (striatum, subthalamic nucleus) by stereotactic neurosurgery. In Alzheimer's ... Jersey, Wiley, 2006 www.abedia.com/wiley/indications.php Chapter 065. Gene Therapy in Clinical Medicine (Part 5) Other Diseases The power and versatility of gene transfer approaches are ... areas of interest include gene therapies for HIV and for neurodegenerative disorders. The latter include studies in patients with Parkinson's disease, where AAV vectors expressing enzymes...
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