... one set of parentheses,
the innermost set of functions always gets evaluated first. The same is true of
parentheses used in Boolean expressions. In this example, the innermost set of
parentheses ... two sets of parentheses in this statement. Our use of parentheses
here is analogous to the parentheses used in the composite functions seen in
Chapter 4. With regard to funct...
... not restricted to the columns that
happen to be in the table. The concept of calculated fields allows for a number of
other possibilities. With calculated fields, you can do the following:
■ Select ... column.
Notice two things. First, the literal ‘First Name’ is repeated on every row. Second,
there is no header information for the first column. When run in Microsoft SQL
Serve...
... is listed to
the right of the
LEFT JOIN keyword.
In right joins, the primary table is listed to the right of the
RIGHT JOIN keyword.
The secondary table is listed to the left of the
RIGHT JOIN ... table, even if there are no
matches with any rows in the secondary table.
In the first specified
LEFT JOIN, the Customers table is on the left and the
Orders table is...
... dat e on which the test was taken
■ TotalPoints: The total number of possible poi nts for the test
■ Grade: The number of points that the student received
Chapter 19
■
Principles of Database Design196
So ... list the information that each column in this table is meant to provide.
The columns are:
■ Test: A description of the test or quiz given
■ Student: The student...
... OS
is a registered trademark of Apple Inc. PostgreSQL is a trademark of
PostgreSQL Inc and the Regents of the University of California.
Allothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.
Allimages†CengageLearningunlessotherwisenoted.
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010925128
ISBN-13:978-1-4354-5751-5
ISBN-10:1-4354-5751-X
Course ... Lisa
The
Language of SQL
Larry Rocko...
... The AND Operator 72
The OR Operator 73
Using Parentheses 73
Multiple Sets of Parentheses 75
The NOT Operator 76
The BETWEEN Operator 79
The IN Operator 80
Boolean Logic ... area of expertise is with data warehouse
systems and reporting tools. He recently developed a suite of BI tools for ASA P
Software, a subsidiary of Dell Inc. He holds an MBA from the University of
Chi...
... the
introduction of any book they happen to read and then proceed immediately to
the first real chapter.
With that fact firmly in mind, we will only cover relatively unimportant material
in the ... Appendix D, for a description of the files available on the companion
Web site. These files list all SQL statements and provide all data shown in
the book.
You may download the co...
... that time.
Generally speaking, there are three major components of the SQL language. The
first is called DML, or Data Manipulation Language. This module of the language
allows you to retrieve, ... been The Logic of SQL. This is because, like all computer languages, the
language of SQL has much more to do with cold, hard logic than with English
vocabulary.
Nevertheless,...
... stored in any number of
tables. The term relational is used to indicate that the tables are related to each
other. For example, let’s take the simple case of a database consisting of only two
tables: ... and the data they contain. The
common custom is to display a table as a grid of rows and columns. Each row
represents a record in the table. Each column represents a field...
... statement.
The
FROM keyword is used to designate the table from which data is to be
retrieved. The name of the table follows the
FROM. In this case, the table name is
Customers.
As is the custom, ... such, the principles of
database design will be much more meaningful after you’re more aware of the
details and nuances of retrieving some data. So we’re going to tempor...