... the
introduction of any book they happen to read and then proceed immediately to
the first real chapter.
With that fact firmly in mind, we will only cover relatively unimportant material
in the ... Appendix D, for a description of the files available on the companion
Web site. These files list all SQL statements and provide all data shown in
the book.
You may download the co...
... not restricted to the columns that
happen to be in the table. The concept of calculated fields allows for a number of
other possibilities. With calculated fields, you can do the following:
■ Select ... column.
Notice two things. First, the literal ‘First Name’ is repeated on every row. Second,
there is no header information for the first column. When run in Microsoft SQL
Serve...
... desired data by the specified
columnlist,
in descending order. The outer
SELECT statement then retrieves data from the inner SELECT using the ROWNUM keyword to limit
the number of rows that are ... statement truly useful. With the WHERE clause, you can now issue a
statement that retrieves all customers from the state of New York.
The related topic of limiting the numbe...
... one set of parentheses,
the innermost set of functions always gets evaluated first. The same is true of
parentheses used in Boolean expressions. In this example, the innermost set of
parentheses ... two sets of parentheses in this statement. Our use of parentheses
here is analogous to the parentheses used in the composite functions seen in
Chapter 4. With regard to funct...
... variations of the join, the inner join and the outer join.
Outer joins will be covered in the next chapter.
The Inner Join 113
An alternate way of specifying the same inner join without the INNER ... advantage of the
INNER JOIN
and ON keywords is that they explicitly present the logic of the join. That is their
only purpose. Although it is possible to specify the...
... is listed to
the right of the
LEFT JOIN keyword.
In right joins, the primary table is listed to the right of the
RIGHT JOIN keyword.
The secondary table is listed to the left of the
RIGHT JOIN ... table, even if there are no
matches with any rows in the secondary table.
In the first specified
LEFT JOIN, the Customers table is on the left and the
Orders table is...
... dat e on which the test was taken
■ TotalPoints: The total number of possible poi nts for the test
■ Grade: The number of points that the student received
Chapter 19
■
Principles of Database Design196
So ... list the information that each column in this table is meant to provide.
The columns are:
■ Test: A description of the test or quiz given
■ Student: The student...
... automatically,
to display a total of 240.
There are, of course, numerous other features and capabilities of this and other
reporting tools. The main point is to remain mindful of what can accomplished
with ... users. Examples of
this type of software include Microsoft Reporting Services and Crystal Reports.
These software packages allow developers to connect to database s via SQ...
... Express. Click the INSTALL button.
6. On the License screen, click the I ACCEPT button. The software will then
be installed. During the installation, you may see a window warning of
compati bility ... do this, find
the Object Explorer pane on the left side of the window. Right-click on the
DATABASES line and then select NEW DATABASE. In the New Database win-
dow, enter...
... middle of values, 33
updating, 180 181
database design
art of, 202 203
normalization, 196 199
Data Control Language (DCL), explained, 3
Data Definition Language (DDL). See DDL (Data
Definition Language)
data, ... 99
omission of space and left parenthesis, 98 99
as open source database, 4
reference manual, 223
stored procedures, 165, 167
treatment of literal values, 21
use of ac...