... 103
pie chart 17–20
categorical data 17
count data 31
plotting data 7
poorly displayed data see badly
displayed data
predictor variable 48
presentation of data see data
presentation
presentations ... 90–1
gridlines 4, 6, 59
grouping text 101–2
health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
measures 63
histogram 35–40
advantage 37
categories 35
interquartile range 40
Kaplan–Meier survival plot 93
l...
... skills and
knowledge to display your data appropriately.
• In addition, you will be able to distinguish between bad graphs and good
graphs and know how to transform the former into the latter and ... 2003.
7 Huff D. How to lie with statistics. London: Penguin Books; 1991.
9
Chapter 2 How to display data badly
2.1 Introduction
There are a great many ways in which data can...
... (7.8%)
Forceps delivery (2.8%)
Ventouse (6.5%)
Vaginal breech delivery (0.5%)
20 How to Display Data
Generally pie charts are to be avoided, as they can be diffi cult to interpret
particularly when ... (6.5%)
Vaginal breech delivery (0.5%)
18 How to Display Data
represents an individual category. The area displayed for each category is pro-
portional to the number in that...
... medical research. Chichester: Wiley;
2005.
58
How to Display Data
Relationship between two continuous variables 57
• If it is necessary to display the correlation between all pairs of a set ... Wherever possible the regression line should be shown in a plot together
with the scatter diagram of the raw data with the predictor (explanatory)
variable on the X-axis and the dependen...
... 78 How to Display Data
the mean pain scores together with solid lines. One other important feature
of this graph is the exclusion of confi dence intervals for the means at each
time period. To ... would be to imply that it is appropriate to compare
the groups at each time point. As it is inappropriate to perform a signifi -
cance test at each time period, so it is inappropriat...
...
1979.
1
88 How to Display Data
Appendix
Table A7.1 CONSORT checklist of items to include when reporting a randomised trial
9
Item No. Descriptor
Title and abstract 1 How patients were allocated to ... J., Personal Communication, 2006).
The scatter plot seems to show a generally increasing trend, with more scatter
towards the end. However, fi tting a lowess smoothing curve wi...
... on how to draw fi gures and display data. The purpose of this book
is to give advice on the best methods to display data which have arisen from
a variety of different sources. We have tried to ... as it is easier to scan down a column than across a row.
4
However, it
Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com
24 How to Display Data
be t...
... Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK
Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
The right of the Author to be identifi ed as the ... Chennai, India
Printed and bound in Singapore by Utopia Press Pte Ltd
Commissioning Editor: Mary Banks
Editorial Assistant: Victoria Pittman
Development Editor: Simone Dudziak
Production Control...
...
Contents
Preface, vii
1 Introduction to data display, 1
2 How to display data badly, 9
3 Displaying univariate categorical data, 17
4 Displaying quantitative data, 29
5 Displaying the relationship between ... on how to draw fi gures and display data. The purpose of this book
is to give advice on the best methods to display data which have arisen from
a variety of differ...
... 11.1
Divorced/separated 11 4.9
Total 226 100.0
Introduction to data display 3
Box 1.1 Useful questions to ask when considering how to display
information
• What do you want to show?
• What methods are ... means or standard devi-
ations, as it is easier to scan down a column than across a row.
4
However, it
2 How to Display Data
be categorised into distinct groups, su...