Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 9 potx

... (Brais et al. 199 5; De Luca et al. C. Wirth et al. (eds.), Old Growth Forests, Ecological Studies 207, 193 DOI: 10.1007 /97 8‐3‐540‐ 92 706‐8 9, # Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 20 09 2002). This ... south-east Alaska (Noble et al 198 4; Chapin et al. 199 4). Two are in the temperate zone, i.e. the Franz Josef sequence of Westland, New Zealand (Walker and Syers 197 6; Wardle and...

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... 33, 595 500 9, 740 18,751 Mean 14, 297 27,524 Law et al. 2003 1 100 23 6 ,91 8 6 ,91 8 9 12,686 12,686 16 5,380 5,380 69 4,060 4,060 56 7,634 7,634 89 7,868 7,868 105 9, 699 9, 699 93 6 ,90 6 6 ,90 6 96 7,361 ... 9, 947 62 4, 092 9, 3 29 Mund 2004 1 15 111 3,221 7,343 141 4,177 9, 523 153 4,307 9, 8 19 Mean 4,032 9, 192 38 4,373 9, 9 69 55 4,112 9, 374 2 15 85 4,161 9,...

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... 1500 hours. From Kruijt et al. ( 199 6) 17 Tropical Rain Forests as Old Growth Forests 395 Malhi Y, Nobre AD, Grace J, Kruijt B, Pereira MGP, Culf A, Scott S ( 199 8) Carbon dioxide transfer over ... 197 8, McWilliam et al. 199 3), by photographic survey inside the canopy using suspension-wires (Koike and Syahbuddin 199 3) or from a tower with photography (Meir et al. 2000) or state...

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... ( 199 6) Old growth forests: a Native American perspective. In: Davis MB (ed) Eastern old growth forests: prospects for rediscovery and recovery. Island, Washing ton DC, pp 101 112 Trepl L ( 199 4) ... equilibrium behaviour in old- growth forests according to Odum ( 196 9), had a profound influence on the formulation of the Kyoto-Protocol, with negative consequences for old- g...

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... old are forests that were labelled old- growth really? Covering three time periods ( 194 0 196 0, 197 0 198 0 and 199 5 2005), we searched for papers containing the keyword old- growth (or old growth ) ... old- growth forests are 6 0- to 120-year -old oak stands (Laiolo et al. 2003), a 100-year -old boreal Norway spruce stand (Dahlberg et al. 199 7), and a 110-year -old Balsa...

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... the mere presence of old trees does not automatically indicate old- growth conditions (see Chap. 2 by Wirth et al., this volume), it is fair to say that many old- growth forests contain a high ... are generally shorter-lived than trees (Schweingruber 199 5) and dwarf-shrubs (see below). The oldest known shrub s grow in Siberia. Hantemirov et al. (2003) found an 840-year -old Juniperu...

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... Coniferous forests Deciduous forests Intercept 324.8 11.7 27.63 <0.001 506.8 21.2 23 .9 <0.001 LAI 99 .7 13.8 7.25 <0.001 93 .1 21.6 4.3 <0.001 P 81 .9 17.1 4. 79 <0.001 32 .9 21.6 1.5 ... decrease in net primary productivity in old- growth forests if it occurs is related more to decreasing photosynthesis in old and tall trees (as well as in old- growth fore...

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... 20 1- to 400-year -old stands (early old- growth) are either carbon-neutral or still accumulating carbon. Few successions exhibited a pronounced late-successional decline. These results are consis- tent ... as early-, mid- or late-successional. The mecha- nism by which these three guilds replace each other may vary (West et al. 198 1; Glenn-Lewin et al. 199 2). The model developed in t...

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... higher light in old- growth than in second -growth tropical forests (Nicotra et al. 199 9). 6 Functional Relationships Between Old Growth Forest Canopies 1 19 environments (Nicotra et al. 199 9; Moorcroft ... Comparisons with second -growth forests are also often made to highlight the uniqueness of old- growth forests. 6.2 Structural and Compositional Features of Old- Gro...

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... of old- growth forests are expected to influ- ence biosphere atmosphere exchange of such forests. In this chapter we will focus on structural features of old- growth, i.e. the fact that old- growth ... carbon exchange of forests along ecosystem development where old- growth forests are considered to be carbon neutral (Odum 196 9; Salati and Vose 198 4; Jarvis 198 9; Melillo...

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