Luận án kinh tế - "Human and action" - Chapter 24 pps

... artisans, and small farmers, and they all ask in the name of social justice for the abolition of capitalism. 8 All socialist and interventionist authors and politicians base their anal- ysis and critique ... raises the standard of living of the masses of the manual workers to such a height that they too turn into “bourgeois” and think and act like well-to-do burghers. Eager to p...

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... solving all the problems of thought and scientific research. Materialism and panphysical- ism proclaim mechanicalism as the essence of all knowledge and the experimental and mathematical methods of the ... various people and for the same people at various times. What makes a man feel uneasy and less uneasy is established by him from the standard of his own will and judgment, fro...

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... commercial precalculation of expected costs and expected pro- ceeds. The retrospective establishment of the outcome of past action be- comes accounting of profit and loss. The system of economic calculation ... imaginary “social” values and “so- cial” welfare. 1. In partnerships and corporations it is always individuals who act, although not only one individual. 2. Economic Calculatio...

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... people on the one hand and the amount of saving or capital consumption and the height of the originary rate of interest on the other hand. The allocation of scarce resources to want-satisfaction in ... production labor, capital, and land and three classes of income—wages, profit, and rent—as taught by the classical economists is untenable. Rent is not the specific revenue from land....

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... preference. For the marginal land (and, of course, for the submarginal land) no price is paid at all. Rent-bearing land (i.e., land that, compared with the marginal land, bears a higher output per ... of living. Farmers buy and sell land and mortgage it; they sell the produce of land and become very indignant if the prices are not as high as they want them to be. Love of nature and ap...

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... 205, 243 244 ; evenly rotat- ing economy, 244 –255, 329; money and, 201–205, 416–419; socialism and, 689–697; socialist society and, 689–697; state of rest and, 244 –250; stationary economy and, ... (originary) and, 527; mar- ginal utility and, 119–127; market and, 724 730; meaning of, 42–44, 59, 92–94; monetary calculation and, 229–23 1; money and, 405–408; morality, righteou...

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... the manufacturer and “exploiter” Engels, and Lenin, the scion of the Russian gentry, were certainly not of proletarian background. But Hitler and Mus- solini were genuine proletarians and spent their ... philosophie (Paris and Brussels, 1847), p. 100. They are therefore appropriate to the structure of the external world and reflect properties of the world and of reality. They wo...

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... of well-being. They want more and better food, better homes and clothes, and a thousand other amenities. They strive after abundance and health. Taking these goals as given, applied physiology ... ultimate good and the means goods. In applying this terminology economists mainly used to think as technologists and not as praxeologists. They differentiated between free goods and ec...

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... time and of causality. The praxeological system too is aprioristic and deductive. As a system it is out of time. But change is one of its elements. The notions of sooner and later and of cause and ... value, independent of these acts and preceding them, and of a previously devised plan whose realization they aim at. The scale of value and the plan to which duration and immut...

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... of all events and changes is uniquely determined by eternal unchangeable laws governing becoming and devel- opment in the whole universe. We may consider the necessary connection and interdependence ... choosing and acting. We merely establish the fact that he chooses and acts and that we are at a loss to use the methods of the natural sciences for answering the question why he ac...

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