Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P15 docx

... Comprehensive theories of friction and wear can be developed if the size and the spatial distributions of the contact spots are known. The size of contact spots ranges from nanometers to micrometers, making tribology a ... roughness-measuring instrument. The surface is made up of hills and valleys often called surface asperities of different lateral and vertical sizes, an...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... presents an overview of lubrication studies of polar and nonpolar lubricants and Lang- muir–Blodgett and chemically grafted films, using atomic force/friction force microscopy. 8.2 Nanodeformation, ... dense films of long-chain molecules. Bhushan et al. (1995b,c) conducted micro- and macroscale friction and wear studies on single-grafted and double-grafted octodecyl (C 18...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... Bhushan, B. and Koinkar, V.N., 1994, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 5741–5746. With permission.) Bhushan, B. Micro/ Nanotribology and Micro/ Nanomechanics of Magnetic ” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribology. Ed. ... Introduction Micro/ nanotribological studies are needed to develop fundamental understanding of interfacial phenom- ena on a small scale and to study interfacial phenomena in m...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... speed = 0.9–1.2 m/s; ambient air (RH 45 ± 5%). Bhushan, B. Micro/ Nanotribology and Micro/ Nanomechanics of MEMS ” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, ... review of macro- and micro/ nanotribological studies of single-crystal silicon and polysilicon, oxidized and implanted silicon, doped and undoped polysilicon films and Si...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 12:15

... Bowden and Tabor (1950, 1964) understood the friction and wear of metal–metal sliding in terms of the plastic deformation of asperity contacts. 5.5.2 Outlook Part of the excitement in nanotribology ... ϖ δ , . P Ka R Ka R a R R K =− π −π =− π       33 222 2 13 3 2 ϖ ϖ δ ϖ , . Burnham, N.A. and Kulik, A.J. “Surface Forces and Adhesion” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribolog...

Ngày tải lên: 09/11/2013, 03:15

... other coin- cidence angles: θ = ±60°, ±120°, and 180° (inset). Israelachvil, J. N. et al.“Surface Forces and Microrheology of ” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton: ... diameters (Snook and van Megan, 1979, 1980, 1981; van Megan and Snook, 1979, 1981; Kjellander and Marcelja, 1985a,b; Tarazona and Vincente, 1985; Hend- erson and Lozada-Cassou...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 11:15

... (Bhushan and Koinkar, 1994) and can be explained by the absence of defects in small nanometric volumes. These studies on the formation of nanonecks have had up to now no direct consequences on atomic- scale ... aspects of friction on an atomic scale (Zhong and Tománek, 1990; Tománek et al., 1991; Colchero and Marti, 1995; Colchero et al., 1996b; Gyalog et al....

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 23:18

... deflection of a thin film: (10.17) FIGURE 10.30 Schematic of a cantilever microbeam deflected by nanoindenter loading mechanism for measure- ment of modulus of elasticity and yield strength of microbeam ... Micro/ Nanoscratch Technique 10.6 Nanoindentation and Microscratch Techniques for Adhesion Measurements, Residual Stresses, and Materials Characterization of Thin Films...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 23:18

... Role of Micro/ Nanotribology in Magnetic Storage Devices, MEMS, and Other Microcomponents References In this chapter, we first present the history of macrotribology and micro/ nanotribology and ... films. Micro- and nanotribological techniques are ideal for studying the friction and wear processes of micro- and nanostructures. Although micro/ nanotribological studies are...

Ngày tải lên: 23/01/2014, 04:20

... square pulse of width 12 between 310 and 356, a triangle of period 40 between 356 and 396, a triangle of period 20 between 400 and 420, a triangle of period 12 between 430 and 442, and, finally, ... the other hand, forces of the order of 10 to 9 N destroy some biological samples. 2.2 The Mechanics of Cantilevers 2.2.1. Compliance and Resonances of Lumped Mass Sys...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 14:20

... description of issues and techniques in the physics of surfaces of interest in nanotribology. This field of research is exceedingly difficult with the effects of a wide variety of materials and phenomena ... understanding of tribology at the nanoscale. It is hoped that the demonstra- tions in this chapter and in this volume indicate that there is the possibility of gaini...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 14:20

... Bhushan, B. “Microscratching/Microwear, Nanofabrication/Nanomachining ” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, ... overview of microscratching/microwear, nanofabrication/nanomachining, and nano/ picoindentation using AFM and related instrumentation. 7.2 Experimental Techniques 7.2.1 AFM for Microscratching/Microwear ... Techniques A...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 14:20

... “Atomic-Scale Simulation of Tribological and Related ” Handbook of Micro/ Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 © 1999 by CRC Press LLC a soft substrate. Retracting the tip ... substrates of various pore widths. The pore widths and liquid temperatures are 1.0 nm and 297 K in (a), 1.6 nm and 297 K in (b), 1.25 nm and 297 K in (c), 1.25 nm and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 14:20

... depth of the right and the left side of the chip must be within 0.1 µm. In a usual FIGURE 12.58 Cross feed shield. FIGURE 12.59 Lift-off process. © 1999 by CRC Press LLC dynamics of the head and ... of the head and medium, and the environment. A fundamental understanding of the tribology of the magnetic head–medium interface becomes crucial for the continuous growth...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 14:20

... to the study of dislocations and plastic flow in silicon and other semiconductors. Essential parts of this work are surveyed in well-known articles by Alexander and Haasen (1968) and by Hirsch ... microhardness is a simple and convenient measure of the susceptibility of a material to contact damage in the micron range (microin- dentations, microscratches, etc.), and it play...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 12:20