Encyclopedia of World CulturesVolume I - NORTH AMERICA - F,G pdf

... in Los Angeles (Mexicans and Central Americans), New York (Puerto Ricans and Do- minicans), and Miami (Cubans). Speaking Spanish has also resulted at times in negative personal and group experiences, for it has been used by outsiders to stigmatize many people because they are different. History and Cultural Relations Mexicans can trace their roots to settlements in what is now the southwester...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 11:20

... MEASUREMENT CONVERSIONS When You Know Multiply By To Find LENGTH inches 2.54 centimeters feet 30 centimeters yards 0.9 meters miles 1.6 kilometers millimeters 0.04 inches centimeters 0.4 inches meters 3.3 feet meters 1.1 yards kilometers 0.6 miles AREA square feet 0.09 square meters square yards 0.8 square meters square miles 2.6 square kilometers acres 0.4 hectares hectares 2.5 acres square...

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... province of Quebec has influenced the spoken language, whereas isolated areas such as Cheticamp, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, have maintained a more archaic form of speech. In the Moncton area, constant intermingling between Acadians and English speakers has spawned a hybrid form of speech, known as Chiac. In French-language schools, modem standard French is taught, and students...

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... Edward E. Haas, 3-3 1. New Orleans: Louisiana State Museum. Jacobs, Claude F. (198). "Spirit Guides and Possession in the New Orleans Black Spiritual Churches." Journal of American Folklore, 102(403):4 5-6 7. Neumann, Ingrid (1985). Le Creole de Breaux Bridge, Louisiane. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag. Spitzer, Nicholas R. (1984). Zydeco: Creole Music and Cul- ture in Rural Lou...

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... industrial arts, the Choctaw were well known for singing and storytelling. In addition to tradi. tional music, the Choctaw enjoy country music. Medicine. The Choctaw believe serious persistent ill- nesses to be a product of spiritual evil often associated with witchcraft. Curing consisted of herbal medicines, ritual puri- fications, and the enlistment of spirit helpers to drive out evil...

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... the community and for joint rituals for intermarriages. Socialization. During the communal period, there was broad resistance to public schooling, which was seen as as- similative at best and a tool of the Antichrist at worst. In the 1920s some public schools were burned, but after provincial government reprisals the community gradually accepted and then embraced public education. Freedomit...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 11:20

... few farming communities formed in central California, Louisiana, Illinois, and Arkansas. But the Italian immigrants were mostly an urban group, with at least 85 percent settling in cities. Italy became a unified nation only in 1870; thus Italian immigrants generally felt only a weak identity with Italy and lacked an overarching cultural tradition typical of other im- migrant groups. This le...

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... with a mem- ber of the spouse's lineage; failure to do so brought retribu- tion from the women of the offended lineage in the form of the destruction of the offender's property. Domestic Unit. Each household consisted of an extended family of between five and thirty persons. Each extended fam- ily constituted an economic unit whose members cooperated in hunting and agric...

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... of Georgian Bay in present-day Ontario, Canada. At that time they numbered about thirty thousand, but following smallpox epidemics in the 1630s were reduced to about ten thousand by 1639. In 1648 and 1649 the Huron confederacy was destroyed by the Iroquois in a war for control of the fur trade. After their defeat the Huron dispersed, with some joining other tribes or being adopted by the...

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... had the power to recall or "dehom" a chief who failed to represent the interests of his people. Theoretically, each sachem was equal to the others in power, but in practice those with better oratorical skills wielded greater influence. After the confederacy had been functioning for a period of time a new, nonhereditary office of pine tree chief was created to provide local lea...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 11:20