The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 102 docx

... people, partly to give a general temporal framework and partly to pick out items that might be thought to have some relevance to the development of philosophy. The correlation between the columns, ... laws Herodotus presents a panorama of the world known to the Greeks in his Histories Peloponnesian War between Sparta and Athens, 431–404, ends in defeat of Athens, which q...

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... justified. Chisholm’s commitment to the second of these pre- suppositions caused him to devote a great deal of time to the ‘Gettier problem’. His commitment to the third led him to reject externalist accounts ... passions, and as these are the only ties of our thoughts, they are really to us the cement of the universe, and all the operations of the mind must, in a g...

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... and the gods that gave their names to the seven days of the week. The ‘gazing Country-man’ who only observes the ‘outward appearances’ of the clock has a very different idea of the clock from the ... threat to be cred- ible, either both parties must know that the person mak- ing the threat can make good on it, or the one making the threat must successfully deceive...

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... veil over the world rather than reveal- ing it to us. Another sceptical difficulty here derives from the *argument from illusion. At the other extreme is the epistemology of reason. The activities ... to me just now. If this last were true, we are thrown back to two questions. The first is whether, and how, the belief about how things seem to me just now is justified. The...

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... accepted the benefits that the other party conceived of your accepting the bene- fits as the first stage of an exchange, then you are not required to pay up, since you didn’t actually agree to the exchange. ... chiefly with the name of Karl Marx, who gave the name ‘rate of exploitation’ to the ratio of the labour time in which the worker produces the capitalist’s surpl...

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... a.m aci. *Buddhist philosophy; moral philosophy, history of. history, history of the philosophy of. Philosophy of his- tory is generally understood as covering two distinct types of inquiry. The first of these—commonly ... begins. The outcome of the conflict is the transformation of the relations of production to bring them into line with the productive powers so as to...

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... had little to say of ‘feeling’.) He insisted that having the right passions was essential to the virtuous life. The Stoics, too, took an interest in emotion on the way to forming their ethics. ... conclusions expressing the simplicity of the soul, the personality of the soul, the immortality of the soul, and the existence of the external world. In each case, the...

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... either finite or has the same size as the natural numbers, the smallest infinite set. It is a theorem of standard *set theory, due to Cantor, that the set of real *numbers is not count- able—there ... self-affirmation on the part of the powerful, ‘slave morality’ is a reactive morality originating in resent- ment of the powerful on the part of the powerless. The qualiti...

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... the rabbis felt that they must affirm the religious unity of their commu- nity (there were some other similar instances of herem). Others emphasize the need to reassure the city fathers that the ... aimed to take the story beyond the Stoics and Epicureans, where it usually stops, to the end of Greek philosophy around ad 600, thereby showing its continuity with the suc...

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... gnosticism; language, history of the philosophy of; mathematics, history of the philosophy of; mathematics, problems of the phil- osophy of; metaphysics, history of; mind, history of the philosophy of; ... language, history of the philosophy of; law, history of the philosophy of; macrocosm and microcosm; materialism; mathemat- ics, history of the philosophy of; medie...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20