The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 63 pptx
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 63 pptx
... he
redesigned the liberal edifice built on these foundations to
the romantic patterns of the nineteenth century. For these
he was himself one of the great spokesmen. He learned
much of the historical ... fundamental to
scientific inquiry was the hypothetical method, in which
one argues to the truth of a hypothesis from the fact that it
would explain observed phenomena. Mil...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 3 pptx
... motion, due to Zeno of
Elea. In a race, Achilles can never catch the tortoise, if the
tortoise is given a head start. For while Achilles closes the
initial gap between them, the tortoise will ... one, the tor-
toise will have created another. However fast Achilles
runs, all that the tortoise has to do, in order not to be
beaten, is make some progress in the time it takes A...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 10 pptx
... them. For
example, our access to the physical world seems to be only
via our own sense-data, to the minds of others via their
behaviour, and to the past via our memories. There are
four types of possible ... for
instance, that the wrongness of *killing rests, in part, on
the fact that to deprive someone of their life is normally to
violate their autonomy. This account c...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 25 pptx
... arranged as to enable him
to fulfil this role. In such a society the rulers will possess
the wisdom to guide the rest in the light of the good and
the true.
In the good city there will be all the usual ... of Socrates
than to the Plato of the Republic.
During the Christian era, Platonic themes resurface,
notably in the writings of St Augustine. Human nature
need...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 43 pptx
... agreeable to the person
himself or to others’; and he invokes sympathy, probably the
central notion of his whole moral theory, to explain their
operation. Qualities that are useful or agreeable to others
will ... were the first agents of a de facto *pluralism.
The condemnation of the revisionists, and their joining
forces with other dissidents, quickened the pace of the d...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 51 pptx
... to the idealist H. H.
Joachim’s The Nature of Truth (1906) or to the pragmatist
William James’s The Meaning of Truth (1909) as they do to
the founding works of analytical philosophy. s.w.b.
There ... using them. But the story is entirely schematic, rem-
iniscent of the Stoic doctrine of lekta, and Frege tells us
nothing of the nature of this grasp, nor how to answer...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 53 pptx
... observe
is first the occurrence of the cause, followed by the occur-
rence of the effect. There is nothing to bind them together,
apart from the fact that they are constantly conjoined, in
the sense ... each has the perceptions
we would expect it to have, were there extended material
objects that are perceived. The first is the thesis of univer-
sal expression; the secon...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 57 pptx
... 1971).
logicism. The slogan of the programme is ‘Mathematics is
logic’. The goal is to provide solutions to problems in the
philosophy of *mathematics, by reducing mathematics,
or some of its branches, to ... is rich enough to do
complete justice to mathematics. It is often said that the
logicists accomplished (only) a reduction of some
branches of mathematics to set t...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 64 pptx
... than, or prior to, the inten-
tionality of language, or is it rather the reverse? Perhaps,
neither is prior to the other, both being interdependent.
Moreover, we seem to be able to have thoughts ... of modes is that they depend
for their identity upon the identity of the particular sub-
stances which possess them. Thus, that a thought is the
particular thought it is is part...
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 65 pptx
... happiness for the greatest numbers’.
These phrases went to the making of the moral theory
which was the most important successor to the work of
the British Moralists the theory of *utilitarianism.
Though ... formulation in
the Republic. There Plato argues that the good life consists
in the harmony of the soul, with each part of the soul—
reason, spirit, and appeti...
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