Spinal Disorders: Fundamentals of Diagnosis and Treatment Part 94 pot

... incision and preliminary placement of guidewire(s) readjustment and definitive placement of guidewire(s) placement of filling cannulas preparation of cement according to recommendations of producer, ... causes of the fracture and to establish a differential diagnosis. Diagnostic Work-up Imaging Studies Standard Radiographs Standard radiographs remain essential for diagnos...

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... mean difficult choices in the allocation of treatment modalities. Therefore, a basic knowledge of the state of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of spinal disorders is required, not only for ... collaborated for a long time and who concur with our own philosophy. The didactic concept is XI Norbert Boos · Max Aebi (Editors) Spinal Disorders Fundamentals of Dia...

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... 299 GaitDisorders 301 BowelandBladderDysfunction 303 DisordersoftheAutonomicSystem 303 SpinalCordInjury 304 SpinalCordSyndrome 304 DifferentialDiagnosis 306 Differentiation of Central and Peripheral Paresis ... 552 PatientSelectionforTreatment 552 Non-operativeTreatment 553 OperativeTreatment 554 GeneralPrinciples 554 BiologyofSpinalFusion 555 SurgicalTechniques 558 ComparisonofTreatmentM...

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... transverso- spinal group (right side), and the short back muscles group. The sacrospinalis group consists of the iliocostalis muscles, longissimus muscles and spinalis muscles. The transversospinal ... points of muscles, muscle cross sections, muscle fiber length and muscle type. Of particular importance is the geometric relationship of the muscle line of action to the rotat...

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... support was mandatory. The goals of spinal instrumentation are to stabilize, correct and fuse With the exception of the recent developments in non-fusion devices such as spinal arthroplasty and posterior ... and assessment of spinal instability and the biomechanics of spinal stabilization [11, 103]. The reader is encouraged to explore these resources for a more in-dept...

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... MM, Oxland T, Cholewicki J (1997) Multidirectional stabilizing potential of BAK interbody spinal fusion system for anterior surgery. J Spinal Disord 10:357–362 62. Nydegger T, Oxland TR, Hoffer ... changes of the disc ✔ Orientation and misalignment of the facet joints correlate with development of early osteoarthritis of the joint ✔ Changes in bone architecture of the verteb...

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... likely to report neck and back pain, and menbeingmorelikelytohaveahighernumberofdaysabsentfromwork [67, 94] , and diagnosed hernia [67] obesity Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Spinal Disorders Chapter ... development, diagnosis and treatment of LBP: limited diagnostic and prognostic value of medical imaging in non-specific back pain [8, 10] no positive effect but neg...

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... [45]. Imaging The recent widespread use of the MRI scan in the assessment of spinal disorders has considerably improved the ability of surgeons to understand spinal pathol- ogy, especially in relation ... characteristics of this questionnaire were recently examined in both surgical and conservative back pain patients and the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change o...

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... Assessment of the Spine Standard MR sequences are sufficient for most indications Standard T1 (weighted = W) and T2 W spin-echo sequences are the basis of imaging in the spine ( Fig. 1). T1 W and T2 ... arrows point to L3, L4 and S1 nerve roots) and hyperintense perineural fat tissue. d Axial T2 W images at the level of the intervertebral disc L5/S1 and e of the pedicles of...

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... preferred dard approach for the treatment of thoracic spinal disorders including defor- mity, tumor or infection. In deformity surgery, the approach is always on the side of the apex of the curve, i.e. a ... Therefore, it is manda- tory to double-check the side of the thoracotomy at the beginning of the sur- gery. Image intensifier control optimizes the spinal access Furthermo...

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