Spinal Disorders: Fundamentals of Diagnosis and Treatment Part 45 doc

... hypertrophy of the yellow ligament and causes a narrowing of the spinal canal and foramen. During later stages of segmental degeneration, kyphosis of the cervical spine can occur and further compromise ... irritation of the nerve roots and can lead to hyp- oxia of the nerve root and dorsal root ganglion. The subsequent release of proin- flammatory cytokines and NGF...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 06:20

... “ishion” standing for hip, buttocks, sacrum, loin and also upper limb. Since the time of Hippocrates of Cos (460–370 B.C.), this term has relatedtopainsyndromeofthelowerbackandtheupperpartsofthelowerlimbs [57]. The ... our understanding of the spinal cord. Anesthesia and Supportive Techniques An invasive and effective spinal surgery would not have been possible without major a...

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... loca- tion and size of the lesion. There is often a history of trauma not immediately related to the present condition. Numbness and tingling, anaesthesia, partial or complete loss of power of locomotion, ... underarm and leg distraction in suspension. In later times, only little progress was made regarding the etiology and treatment of spinal deformities. Spinal defor...

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... dedicated to the research and treatment of spinal cord injuries ( Fig. 10c). He propagated intensive rehabilitation and sports. He also wrote a profound and epoch-making textbook of spinal cord injuries ... of any major advancement in the treatment of spinal dis- orders. In the Renaissance, the studies of Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564), the father of modern anatomy,...

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... the responsibleenzymefortetrahydrobiopterin(BH4)synthesis.BH4isanessential cofactor for catecholamine, serotonin and nitric oxide production and thus a key modulator of peripheral neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Healthy individu- Pathways of Spinal Pain ... integration and nociceptive transfer of noci- 144 Section Basic Science General Concepts of Pain Treatment Pharmac...

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... work-up and initiation of treatment is mandatory. The major goal of the clinical assessment is to differentiate: specific spinal disorders, i.e. with a pathomorphological correlate non-specific spinal ... consider a spinal intervention ✔ The reproducibility of the patient’s history and examination is limited Epidemiology Generally, spinal pain is common, benign, and self...

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... injection of 0.3 ml of contrast material. Anteroposterior spot radiographs are obtained for the documentation of the contrast material distribution. Two milliliters of 0.2% ropivacaine and 40 mg of triamcinolone ... value of discography because of a lack of understanding of pain pathogenesis [22–24, 78, 123]. Indications Inourservice,patientsareonlyselectedforprovocativedi...

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... bilat- eral and complex symptoms (impaired upper limb – hand function, gait disorder, bladder and bowl dys- function). Duration of symptoms is important for the definition of etiology and urgency of therapy (e.g. ... (cave: spinal shock). Pathological reflexes indicate central (spinal and supraspinal) lesions. Motor strength is subdivided into six grades (M0–M5), and key mu...

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... intubation degree of mouth opening size of the tongue visibility of the pharynx the state of dentition restriction of neck movement stability of the cervical spine Assessment of cervical stability is mandatory in ... Down’s syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis In rheumatoid arthritis [45] at least 20% and in Down’s syndrome [1] up to 20% of patients suffer from compromised st...

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... EEG,total suppression of brain activity). Numbers between 4 5and 60 are desirable as indicators of an appropriate consciousness level for surgery. The interaction of gases and propofol on thepharmacodynamic ... taken to minimize compression and traction of linesand anatomic struc- tures. Cervical spine procedures call for a thorough final check of lines and tubes before prepp...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 06:20