Spinal Disorders: Fundamentals of Diagnosis and Treatment Part 21 potx

... University of Bern, and Chief of Staff, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirslanden-Salem Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. Max Aebi is Co-Founder and Past Chairman of AO Spine, a member of the European ... 1960 and is a Swiss citizen. He studied at the University of Saarland, Germany, and the University of Basle, Switzerland. He then received an international training as a...

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... 14 Surgery 14 BackPainandSciatica 15 AWrongMixtureofFluids 15 DiscHerniation 17 HistoricalCaseStudy 19 TheFacetSyndrome 21 SpinalStenosis 21 SpinalInfections 22 EgyptianMummiesandSirPercivalPott ... mean difficult choices in the allocation of treatment modalities. Therefore, a basic knowledge of the state of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of spinal di...

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... 22 1 Reproducibility 22 1 Differential Diagnosis of Spinal Pain Syndromes 22 2 Recapitulation 22 2 KeyArticles 22 3 References 22 4 9 Imaging Studies Marius R. Schmid, Jürg Hodler CoreMessages 22 7 ImagingMethods 22 7 StandardRadiographs ... 20 3 Pain 20 4 Function 21 0 SpinalDeformity 21 0 PhysicalExamination 21 1 Walking 21 1 Standing 21 1 Sitting 21 6 LyingSupine 22...

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... “ishion” standing for hip, buttocks, sacrum, loin and also upper limb. Since the time of Hippocrates of Cos (46 0–370 B.C.), this term has relatedtopainsyndromeofthelowerbackandtheupperpartsofthelowerlimbs [57]. The ... (1930). 2 Section History of Spinal Disorders c d Figure 2. (Cont.) c Andreas Vesalius (15 14 15 64) . d Josias Weitbrecht’s (1702 – 1 747 ) Syndesmologia (1 742 ) p...

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... and assessment of spinal instability and the biomechanics of spinal stabilization [11, 103 ]. The reader is encouraged to explore these resources for a more in-depth study of this subject and for an ... support was mandatory. The goals of spinal instrumentation are to stabilize, correct and fuse With the exception of the recent developments in non-fusion devices such...

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... changes of the disc ✔ Orientation and misalignment of the facet joints correlate with development of early osteoarthritis of the joint ✔ Changes in bone architecture of the vertebral bodies and formation ... function increases proba- bility and severity of soft tissue and skeletal damage due to trauma and also enhances the likelihood of complications during surgery. Th...

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... [45]. Imaging The recent widespread use of the MRI scan in the assessment of spinal disorders has considerably improved the ability of surgeons to understand spinal pathol- ogy, especially in relation ... characteristics of this questionnaire were recently examined in both surgical and conservative back pain patients and the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change o...

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... preferred dard approach for the treatment of thoracic spinal disorders including defor- mity, tumor or infection. In deformity surgery, the approach is always on the side of the apex of the curve, i.e. a ... Therefore, it is manda- tory to double-check the side of the thoracotomy at the beginning of the sur- gery. Image intensifier control optimizes the spinal access Furthermo...

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... fusion (i.e. interbody and posterolateral fusion) was first used for the treatment of spinal trauma and deformity, then expanded to failed previ- ous spinal fusion operations and is now used also ... fusion techniques Boos and Webb [24] reviewed 16 earlier non-randomized studies (1966–1995) with a total of 1264 cases and found a mean fusion rate of 87% (range, 40–96%) a...

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... program • •• Management of NSLBP Various guidelines supporting the evidence of conservative treatment have been published and they offer treatment recommendations for acute, subacute and chronic LBP ... 25:1S–33S Extensivereviewabouttheroleofactivityinthetreatmentofpatientswithbackpainwith comprehensive recommendations from the Paris Task Force. Accident Rehabilitation & Compe...

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... 643 Ischemia of the spinal cord can result from stretching of the blood vessels feeding the spinal cord or by prolonged hypotension. Therefore, a reduction of the cor- rection and restoration of a sufficient ... main objectives are arrest of curve progression and fusion The main objective of surgical treatment is correction of the deformity and maintaining the correc...

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... improvement of neurological function restoration of spinal stability avoidance of collateral damage restoration of spinal function resolution of pain The treatment should provide a biological and biomechanical ... signs [148]. General Treatment Principles The general objectives of the treatment of cervical injuries are (Table 7): Table 7. General objectives of tre...

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... direction of fracture displacement, length of hospital stay, or length of follow-up did not influence outcome. Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Axis Traumatic fractures of the posterior elements of ... vest fixation). Treatment with traction and prolonged bedrest has been associated with increased morbidity and mor- tality and has widely been abandoned today. After reduc...

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... General objectives of treatment restoration of spinal alignment preservation or improvement of neurological function restoration of spinal stability avoidance of collateral damage The treatment should ... patients and patients with a spinal cord injury. Often hypoten- sion and hypovolemia is encountered both in polytraumatized and spinal cord injured patients. Impo...

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... presence of preexisting lumbar spinal ste- nosis[52].Extendeddecompressionassoonaspossibleisrecommendedbut recovery is often only partial. Unintended Durotomy The risk of unintended durotomy and cerebrospinal ... severe spinal stenosis, which often presents with adhesions, dural tears occur even in the hands of experienced surgeons. Closure of the defect is generally rec- ommend...

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