Erosion control in the tropics - Part 3 pps

... of erosion is likely to occur. 3. 1 Splash -erosion and stream -erosion Within water -erosion there are two types of erosion: splash erosion and stream erosion. Certainly, they do occur at the ... Erosion control in the tropics 20 Organic matter content of the soil Organic matter probably is the most important factor in binding the soil particles. The be...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 05:20

... underestimated. Erosion control in the tropics 76 9.2 Awareness Only if people appreciate the usefulness of the operations to be carried out, will they be inclined to take them up themselves. They should ... carry on the works and maintain them, it is essential that they see their benefit and feel re- sponsible for them too. The people should feel that the project...

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... continue to grow well. The best grazing areas should first be for them, in some cases together with their mothers. They can then select the best parts of the plants, and there is less risk they ... maturity. 3. 1 Raising new born kids Milk is the first food of the kid. The gastro-intestinal tract of the young goat is geared to properly digesting this energy- and protein-...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 00:20

... environment 15 3 The erosion process 17 3. 1 Splash -erosion and stream -erosion 17 3. 2 Splash -erosion and soil condition 19 3. 3 Stream erosion and the soil 21 3. 4 An example on how to show the erosion ... ourselves to erosion caused by water. In doing so, the connection between the causes of erosion and the princi- ples of erosion control measures wi...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 05:20

... clear that when observing the erosion phenom- ena, the important thing is always to trace the causes of it. In the fol- lowing chapters we will go more deeply into the erosion process, which ... characteristics of erosion in the daily work. For this, it is important to know how to recognize erosion in the field. Always keep the course of the erosion proce...

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... Erosion control in the tropics 28 Removing this soil from the drainage system or the paths adds to the workload of the farmer. ? The reverse applies of course to the field where the soil ... labour and the farmer is obliged to sow up a smaller area for in- stance. ? When thin layers of soil are continually washed away from the field by erosion, the bigg...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 05:20

... and at retaining the rain water. ? Minimum tillage, mulching and the use of a cover crops serve to protect the soil against the force of the rainfall, at the same time maintaining the soil fertility ... guideline for the width of strips Slope of Width of 0 - 2% 40 - 50 m 2 - 4% 30 - 40 m > 4% 15 - 30 m in very humid areas 15 - 30 m This...

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... again. Burning is an integral part of cattle farming in the tropics and improvements in the technique must be found. The timing and the method of burning seem to determine whether it is damaging ... drinking places and in doing so they trample down the soil. During rain showers water collects in the trampled tracks (the rain does not necessarily affect the str...

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... drain The main drainage serves as the main channel where all the water is collected. ? One main drain at the bottom of the catchment area: all the col- lected water ends up in the main drain ... (Figure 32 ). Figure 32 : Strengthening of a gully Checkpoints for making dams When laying out these check dams, the following points should be taken into account: ? The p...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 05:20

... Underlying causes of erosion 73 8 Underlying causes of erosion In the previous chapters we have seen how the chance of erosion can be lessened by taking certain precautions. However, ... yourself why erosion occurs in a certain area. Not only will the deeper causes of erosion be found in the socio-economic backgrounds, but the incentive will be found which moti...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 05:20