báo cáo khoa học the development of the asean trade dispute settlement mechanism from diplomacy to legalism

... Second, the thesis will examine the development of trade dispute settlement mechanisms in five other major trade organisations, namely, the (GATT, the WTO, the EU, the North American Free Trade ... dichotomy and discusses the relevance of the ASEAN context to the implementation of the Protocol. It concludes with a discussion of the potential obstacles to the effective implementation of the ... ASEAN trade dispute settlement mechanism from diplomacy to legalism. Chapter 5 examines the early approaches to settling trade disputes in ASEAN, including trade disputes prior AFTA agreement, trade...

the development of the asean trade dispute settlement mechanism from diplomacy to legalism koesrianti

... Dispute Settlement Mechanism of 19962; the first formal mechanism for the resolution of trade disputes and later, in 2004, by adoption of the ASEAN Protocol on Enhanced Dispute Settlement Mechanism ... Second, the thesis will examine the development of trade dispute settlement mechanisms in five other major trade organisations, namely, the (GATT, the WTO, the EU, the North American Free Trade Agreement ... particular reference to the ASEAN context. In doing so it is intended to examine the extent to which the ASEAN context has 1 Report of the Secretary-General of ASEAN to the 32nd ASEAN Ministerial...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structure of the cambialistic superoxide dismutase from Aeropyrum pernix K1 – insights into the enzyme mechanism and stability pdf

... focuson the coordination of the metal cofactor in the activesite as well as the changes it experiences in response to different metal cofactors. Finally, by comparing Ape-SOD with the SOD from the ... ligand,NE2 of His31, bound to the metal, in the company of a water oxygen, from the apical positions. The manga-nese was only 0.06 A˚out of the equatorial plane(Table 3). The angles around the metal ... The molecular mass of the protein was calculated from the sedimentation equilibrium plot.Incorporation of metalsMetal cofactors were incorporated into the enzyme by one of two procedures. To...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Homologous expression of the nrdF gene of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes strain ATCC 6872 generates a manganese-metallocofactor (R2F) and a stable tyrosyl radical (Y•) involved in ribonucleotide reduction ppt

... to the catalytic site of the R1E subunit. Asreported in the Results, upon completion of substrateconversion, the radical is then rapidly passed back from the R1E subunit to the tyrosyl of the ... transfer from the tyrosyl rad-ical (Y122) of the R2 subunit to the cysteine (C439)found in the active site of the R1 subunit; (b) the abstraction of two protons and water release, with the concomitant ... cir-cumstances, the Mn-YÆ metalloradical cofactor wouldhave to be reassembled upon each turnover of the enzyme to provide the radical species. This process islikely to be slow relative to the kinetics of...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structures of the regulatory subunit of Thr-sensitive aspartate kinase fromThermus thermophilus pdf

... regulatory domain away from the kinasedomain. Accompanied by the rotation of the regula-tory domain, other loops from the catalytic domainsare displaced to orient the residues important forcofactor ... whether the sec-ond Thr is bound to site 2 for catalytic control of TtAK. In order to further clarify the regulatory mech-anism of TtAK by Thr, the crystal structure of full-length TtAK in the ... map,probably owing to disorder of these regions. The over-all geometry of the model according to the procheckprogram [21] is of good quality, with 95.4% of the res-idues in the most favored...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Limited suppression of the interferon-b production by hepatitis C virus serine protease in cultured human hepatocytes pptx

... 1. The pCX4bsr expression vectors encodingNS3-4A, NS3, or NS4A from the 1B-1 strain and NS3-4A from the HCV-O strain were used for the transfection. The pCX4bsr expression vec-tor encoding the ... into the EcoRI and NotI sites of pCX4bsr. To construct pCX4bsr ⁄ NS3-4A(O), the DNAfragment encoding NS3-4A derived from the HCV-O strainbelonging to genotype 1b [43] were also subcloned into ... prepar-ation. Total RNA extracted from the cells was subjected to real-time LightCycler PCR analysis using the primer set of IFN-b (202 bp). Dataare the means ± SD from three independent experiments. To...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Kinetic characterization of the ﬁrst step of the ribozyme-catalyzed trans excision-splicing reaction docx

... the second step of TES [48], similar to (if not the same as) the role of the xG in the second step of self-splicing [48–56].This suggests that the guanosine to be excised islikely binding to ... to the GBS of the ribozyme for the exon-ligation step of TES. In the substrate-cleavagestep, however, the 3¢ terminal guanosine (G336) of the ribozyme (Fig. 1) is binding to that same GBS.Therefore, ... °C). Notethat the ribozyme solution was preincubated at 60 °C for5 min and then allowed to slow cool to 44 °C to facilitatefolding of the ribozyme prior to the addition of the radio-labeled...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of DESC1, a new member of the type II transmembrane serine proteinase family pptx

... 4.3% of all reﬂections from the reﬁnement to calculate the Rfree. The ﬁnal R and Rfreevalues of the model are 0.21 and 0.22 for the complete dataset up to 1.6 A˚. The electron density of the ... (Fig. 4A). The backbones of these segments form a deep hydrophobicpocket with the negatively charged Asp189 at its bot-tom. Asp189 at the bottom of the pocket determines the speciﬁcity of the S1 ... mid-point of the respective loop, as shown in Fig. 2. To the east of the active site the 37- and 60-loops border the S2¢ pocket of the proteinase. The observed differ-ences in the 37-loop result from...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structure of the BcZBP, a zinc-binding protein from Bacillus cereus doc

... moiety. The proteincoordinates zinc with the Ndatom of His12, one of the Odatoms of Asp15 and the Neatom of His113.His113 protrudes from helix a4 whereas His12 andAsp15 both belong to the ... opposite sides of the b-sheet. From the topology diagram of BcZBP (Fig. 1A), an activesite can be predicted in the crevice adjacent to the C-termini of strands b1 and b4. In this crevice of eachmonomer, ... of the reactionproducts.Asp14, a residue of the loop joining the b1-strand to the a1-helix, is located close to the metal ion (Fig. 3);its Od2atom is positioned in a distance of 4.2 A˚ from zinc....

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Quantitative analysis of the experimental O–J–I–P chlorophyll ﬂuorescence induction kinetics Apparent activation energy and origin of each kinetic step Steve Boisvert, David Joly and Robert Carpentier doc

... when the temperature is raised. The effect of DCMU on the traces was to increase the amplitude of step J with the concurrent decline of stepI, and to retard the rise to Fm. With dPQ, the J ... FEBShave attributed both of the two latter phases to the reduction of the acceptor side of PSII [9,12,13], or morespeciﬁcally to the reduction of two distinct plastoqui-none (PQ) pools [8,14,15]. ... correspond to the end of the J–I phase [8,28,29]. It is likely that the emergence of a peak for I in the FI curves depends on the relative amplitude and rate constant of the J–Iphase compared to the...

Xem thêm