The Economic Environment of American Symphony Orchestras potx

... they receive. III. Overview of Recent Developments This section provides a snapshot of the economic fortunes of U. S. symphony orchestras at the end of the 20 th century, using data from 32 orchestras ... Where do the data come from? The League of American Orchestras (formerly the American Symphony Orchestra League) provided data on the financial and op...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 23:20

... costs. Layoffs, mandatory furloughs, and attrition are often the result of these budget reductions in many police agencies. Layoffs Currently, the data of officer positions laid off are not ... funds from the COPS hiring grant. The news came to the city just days after they had to make the hard decision to lay off 13 officers because of budget reductions. “This is good...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... -0.5 times the product of labor’s share of national income (0.7), the square of the fraction of the labor force that is foreign-born (the ratio 21.2 million/146.1 million squared), and the percentage ... that defines the terms and conditions of their jobs. The informality of illegal employment contributes to the flexibility of illegal labor markets. 4 within...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... with an ‘order of magnitude’ sense of the number of people with this major. * Full-time, full-year workers with a terminal Bachelor’s. ** Of people in the labor force. ALL POPULARITY OF MAJORS † Total ... all, of those majors that tied. ** Of people in the labor force. 63773_Text_X.indd 29 4/26/11 9:06 PM 21 • Summary of Findings 21: TOP 10 MAJORS WITH THE LOWEST MEDI...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... maximize their own preferences, rather than those of the citizenry. Often the preferences of these public of- ficials are assumed to be political support, either in the form of votes or in the form of ... many ad- ditional people. These fora have included the 2005 annual meeting of the American Law and Economics Association, the American Society of Inter- nation...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:21

... that is beyond the scope of the current review. In this article, we provide an overview of the state of research on the likely economic impact of the US obesity epidemic at the aggregate level. ... overview of the state of research on the likely economic impact of the US obesity epidemic at the national level. Research to date has identified at least fo...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 05:21

... HGFs are the same firms. The contribution of each group of HGFs to the economic outcome variables 3 The value added of a firm equals its value of production minus the value of the intermediate ... of the growth in total employment. HGFs based on the same growth indicator have the same sign on their contributions, with the exception of the contributi...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... expectancy of the owners. The other risk class experiences a loss for the opposite reason. Another important implication of the fact that in equilibrium con- sumption is independent of the state of nature ... (4.4). When there is a positive rate of interest on assets, the competitive rate of return on annuities is equal to the rate of interest plus the hazard rat...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... to the difference between the producer price and the marginal costs of type α individuals, positive or negative, times the change in the quantity of good j due to an increase in the price of ... y, (14.24) where a is the amount of annuities, z is expected lifetime, b is the amount of life insurance (=bequests), and y is the amount of the numeraire. Utility of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20