The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 9 potx

... minimum one of approximately 0.56 μm (2 fringes) in the right part of the sample. In the rest of the images, the sample deformation leads to the expected C-liked shape bending deformation of a sample ... decomposition of LRE-123 in the partial-melted region during the melt-texturing process. On the other hand, the small round particles of 20-50 nm size c...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... X-band (9. 1 -9. 5 GHz) (Bagraev et al., 199 5; Gehlhoff et al., 199 5). The rotation of the magnetic field in a plane normal to the diffusion profile plane has revealed the anisotropy of both the electron ... restricted to 2 nm. Therefore, the distribution of the microdefects created at the initial stage of the oxidation seems to represent the fractal of the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... ions. For the other elements in Table 3, we have considered the following stable oxidation states: La(+III), Y(+III), Ba( +II) , Sr( +II) , Bi(+III), Ca( +II) , Tl(+III), Hg( +II) and O( -II) . We verify ... ν is the frequency of the photon and ω is the frequency of the phonon. However, according to recent experimental results of photon absorption (Carbotte et al., 199 9...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... 196 4; Mendelssohn, 196 6; Goodman, 196 6; De Gennes, 196 6; Saint-James et al., 196 9; Anderson, 196 9; Chandrasekhar, 196 9; Serin, 196 9; Hulm & Matthias, 198 0; Hulm et al., 198 1; Pippart, 198 7; ... reversible, the hysteresis rather small. 5. The difference in free energy of magnetized and normal superconductors was given by the area of the curve: ΔF = ∫МdH, The...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... improvement of the superconducting properties with dose increment (Boiko et at., 198 8; Leyva et al., 199 2), some others report exactly the opposite (Vasek et al., 198 9; Elkholy et al., 199 6), and other ... MgB 2 . The parameters of Raman spectra vary with the composition of MgB 2 crystals and the influence of their surroundings, which depends on both the connect...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Energies of particles were selected considering the optimisation of nuclear reaction of the projectile with the sample and the range of particles in the sample. In case of HTSC Bi-cuprates, the purpose ... Fig. 6b. The contribution of the Cu-O 2 planes was considered, taking together the effects on the oxygen and the copper atoms in those sites. The res...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... slowly in case of B implying lower slope of J c -B curve for sample B. The lower values of the exponents k and m of the irradiated sample show that there is reduction of the distance of the pinning ... each point of the image. The characteristics of the CCD camera determine the intensity level range and the matrix dimensions. Due to the random nature...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... uniformity or on the shapes, packing and alignment of the regions and/or pores of the size larger than the resolution. Further development of the technique and improvement of the resolution is ... amount of the brighter regions is likely to enhance from A to D and, hence, the amount of the high density regions in the material is enhancing. At the same tim...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... al., 199 8; Chen et al., 198 9; Laurent et al., 198 9; Lopez et al., 199 1; Naqvi et al., 199 7; Pekala et al. 199 6). 3.6 Electrothermal conductivity The electrothermal conductivity (P) is the thermoelectric ... (Chen et al., 198 9; Muller, 198 9; Ishida & Goldfarb, 199 0; Celebi, 199 9). The sharp decrease in the real part χ / (T) below the critical temperature T c is a...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... size of the superconductors and the length of the c-axis of the unit cell of the system are highly effective on both of the first and second chaotic points of the superconducting system. 2. The ... 20 09) . The superconducting system is considered as the best material media displaying the chaotic behavior (Waintal et al., 199 9; Bogomolny et al., 199 9;...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20