... velocity, thereby influencing the trade off betweenglobal and local exploration abil ities of the flying points.A large inertia weight (w) facilitates a global search,while a small inertia weight ... knowledge of the transmitted data. Butit can suffer from slow convergence in mobile wirelesssystems beca use of the time varying n ature of channels[3]. In training symbol technique, training sequencesthat ... Turkey2Department of Electrical and ElectronicEngineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, TurkeyCompeting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Received: 26 November 2010...