Thermodynamics 2012 Part 4 pptx

... as T → 0, the operators ˆ b † and ˆ b for quasiparticles pass to the operators ˆ a † and ˆ a for particles. 84 Thermodynamics Modern Stochastic Thermodynamics 21 Indeed, in the macrotheory under ... function Ψ T (q)=[2π(Δq ef ) 2 ] −1 /4 exp  − q 2 4( Δq ef ) 2 (1 − iα )  , (45 ) where (Δq ef ) 2 = ¯h 2mω coth ¯hω 2k B T , α =  sinh ¯hω 2k B T  −1 . (46 ) For its Fourier transform...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... as evident from a comparison of Figures 44 a and 42 a. Micropitting can occur on small cracks initiated on the loaded surface. The SEM image of Figure 45 a indicates such causative shallow cracking ... reference analysis of bearing steel is provided in Figure 43 . It allows comparisons with the spectra of Figures 39, 41 b and 42 b. Fig. 43 . EDX reference spectrum of bearing ste...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 15:20

... Quantum Theory of Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Found. Phys. 6: 15-31, 127- 141 , 43 9 -45 5, 561-570. Hatsopoulos, G.N. & Keenan, J.H. (1965). Principles of General Thermodynamics, Wiley, p. xxiii. Horodecki, ... Postulate of Thermodynamics, Found. Phys. 16: 923-935. Zanchini, E. (1988). Thermodynamics: Energy of Closed and Open Systems, Il Nuovo Cimento B 101: 45 3 -46 5. Zanchini...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... two interacting particles is equal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 −2 0 2 4 a 1) F(t)[N] t [ s ] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 −2 0 2 4 b 1) F(t)[N] t [ s ] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 −1 0 1 2 3 4 a 2) Energy ... Rev. D49: 646 7– 647 4. Hayward, S. A. (1994b). Quasilocal Gravitational Energy, Phys. Rev. D49: 831–839. Hayward, S. A. (1996). Gravitational energy in spherical symmetry, Phys. Rev...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems 21 0 2 4 6 −1 −0.5 0 p(t) −8 4 0 4 8 0 0.2 0 .4 W (t p ) −10 −5 0 5 10 0 0.2 0 .4 Q(t p ) χ(q, t p )[J −1 ] a) 0 2 4 6 −1 −0.5 0 −8 4 0 4 8 0 0.2 0 .4 W (t p ) −10 ... (t p ) −10 −5 0 5 10 0 0.2 0 .4 Q(t p ) b) 0 2 4 6 −1 −0.5 0 −8 4 0 4 8 0 0.2 0 .4 W (t p ) −10 −5 0 5 10 0 0.2 0 .4 Q(t p ) c) 0 2 4 6 −1 −0.5 0 E(t)[J]...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... p 7 x p4  +  p 10 p 4 cos x p3 x p4 − p 10 p 4 ( p 3 − p 9 ) tan x p3  e (3) 1 + p 10 p 4 tan x p3 { ( p 3 − p 9 ) x M4 − k 1 x M1 − k 2 x M2 − k 3 x M3 − k 4 x M4 } − p 10 p 4 cos x p3 x p4 x M4 + ... p 7 x p4  +  p 10 p 4 cos x p3 x p4 − p 10 p 4 ( p 3 − p 9 ) tan x p3  e (3) 1 + p 10 p 4 tan x p3 { ( p 3 − p 9 ) x M4 − k 1 x M1 − k 2 x M2 − k 3 x M3 − k 4 x M4 } − p...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... transmitter. The series expansion for σ /y<< 1 one obtains () cos54cos 64 cos 4 22 3 4 2 2 +−+≈ ϑϑ σ ϑ σ ε r r (49 ) where ϑ is the bearing of the target with respect to the position ... Nnwith N n nw h ≤≤ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ −= 0, 2 cos .46 1 64. 05386.0)( π . (46 ) The resolution in the final image is given by, 2 . 2 2 . 2 3 3 D B y B c B x w k dB eff w k dB y x α π δ α π...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... 2392 .44 2399.77 2350.13 2389.20 H L 23 84. 23 2350.13 2376.03 2331.57 2360 .49 L H 2353.58 2363.08 2358.76 2338 .47 2365.35 L L 23 84. 45 23 64. 70 2372.58 2 346 .78 2353 .48 Average 23 84. 45 23 64. 70 ... 2353.5 84 786.0 64 1567.52 High High High Low 0.36 847 4 66.00% 23 84. 233 813.5713 1570.662 High High Low High 0.365 149 66.30% 2385.529 809. 042 1 1576 .48 6 High High High Hig...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... antibiotics from microbes found either inside the intestines of the amber-encased insects or in soil particles trapped with them when they were caught by sticky tree resin up to 130 million years ago. ... to find out how (3) the antibiotics will be. Microbes that seem to have the characteristics of (4) diseases will have to be killed. It is thought that a (5) molecule could lead to a whole se...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 21:15

... starting sentences, we counted 94 different connections between words. The most common connections were: 1. consonant sound to consonant sound (cc) – 46 connections = 48 % (the most by far) 2. ... vowel sound to vowel sound (vv) – 11 connections = 12% 4. consonant sound to vowel sound (cv) – 9 connections = 10% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 consonant-consonant (cc) vowel-conso...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 21:15