Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 20 (end) ppt
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 20 (end) ppt
... 130 48
Cloud point (°C) ASTM D2500 -3 –12 4 -1
Pour point (°C) ASTM D97 -1 5–10 -8 -1 6
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
286 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
gentle agitation several times ... kPa
200 kPa
350 kPa 500 kPa
575 kPa 700 kPa
FIGURE 20. 9 Comparison of smoke density of the engine at various BMEP values.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Gro...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 1 potx
...
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Handbook of
Plant- Based
Biofuels
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
10 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
ethanol is currently produced in many ... has four chapters. Chapter 1 is introduc-
tory and gives a prole of plant- based biofuels. Chapter 2 deals with the world biofuel
scenario and provides an overview...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 2 potx
... et al. 200 4. Appl. Catal. A 259: 221–226. With permission.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
26 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
and diesel sold as transport fuel by the end of 201 0 (Hansen, ... processes.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
2000 201 0 202 0 203 0 204 0 205 0
Years
Alternative Fuel Consumption, %
Biofuels
Natural gas Hydrogen
FIGURE 2.3 Shares of...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 3 ppt
... cyclopentenolone,
1-acetyloxy-2-propanone, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-2-pyrone, 2-methoxy- 4-
methylanisole, 4-OH-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, maltol, etc. (Diebold 200 0).
Inorganic components can be present in bio-oil in ... ethanol, 2-propene-1-ol, isobutanol, 3-methyl-1-bu-•
tanol, ethylene glycol, etc.
Ketones: acetone, 2-butanone, 2-butanone (mek), 2,3-butandione, cyclo-•
pentanone, 2-pentanon...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 4 pot
... of methyl esters as a function of water content in transesteri-
cation of triglycerides.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
50 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
autoclave is poured into ...
Dilution with
Hydrocarbons
FIGURE 4.3 Use of vegetable oils as petroleum alternative fuels.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
48 Handbook of Plant- Based Biof...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 5 potx
... very bad with
regard to
Based on de Bont, J. A. M. and J. H. Reith, personal communication.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
70 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
biofuels should be developed ... 62–74.
Wyman, C. E. 200 4. Ethanol fuel. In Encyclopaedia of Energy, ed. C. J. Cleveland, 54 1-5 55.
New York: Elsevier.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
66 Ha...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 6 pdf
... nutrients
at 30 and 20
o
C. After the immobilization, the immobilized microorganism popula-
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
82 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
6.6 POTENTIAL OF ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS ... Lipid composition of Zymomonas mobilis: Effects of
ethanol and glucose. J. Bacteriol. 154: 1291–1300.
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
74 Handbook of...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 7 pdf
... linkages (Guzman-Maldonado and Paredas-Lopez 1995;
Kuriki and Umanaka 1999).
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
92 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
both the -1 , 4- and -1 ,6-glucosidic bonds ... LLC
102 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
one-step purication of pullulanase and amylases from standard preparation of the
enzyme. Techniques like macroafni...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 8 pot
... Group, LLC
108 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
biotechnological importance to the outermost glycoprotein layer of the cell wall. In
the α-agglutinin system, the C-terminal half of the α-agglutinin ... LLC
110 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
80
(a)
Growth
Ethanol fermentation
30
25
20
15
Ethanol concentration (g/l)
10
5
0
60
40
Starch concentration (g/l)
Glucose co...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 9 pot
... et al. 1982).
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
126 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
DP and increases the bulk density. Sometimes, the surface area of the treated mate-
rial can decrease ... aimed at size reduc-
tion and mechanical decrystallization. Mechanical methods such as ball milling,
© 200 9 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
130 Handbook of Plant- Based...