Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 13 pot

... Esters R 1 COOCH 3 R 2 COOCH 3 + R 3 COOCH 3 + FIGURE 13. 1 Transesterication of triglycerides to esters. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 194 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels Table 13. 3 shows a comparison of the yield of methyl ... 188 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels 13. 3.3 re a c t i o n te m P e r a t u r e The rate of the transesterication reac...

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... infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of plant- based biofuels / editor, Ashok Pandey. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 97 8-1 -5 602 2-1 7 5-3 (alk. ... © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 10 Handbook of Plant- Based B...

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... 24 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels be made using biomass via partial oxidation reactions. Biomass can be considered as a potential fuel for gasication and further bio-syngas production ... the availability of biomass. Methanol is currently made from natural gas but can also © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 14 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels from hydrogen-c...

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... of methyl esters as a function of water content in transesteri- cation of triglycerides. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 50 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels autoclave is poured into ... 46 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels and biological routes. Biofuel is a nonpolluting, locally available, accessible, sustain- able, and reliable fuel obtained ... Dilution...

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... In Encyclopaedia of Energy, ed. C. J. Cleveland, 54 1-5 55. New York: Elsevier. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 66 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels ecological risks, biofuels can only ... very bad with regard to Based on de Bont, J. A. M. and J. H. Reith, personal communication. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 70 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuel...

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... secreting α -amylase (0.18 g g-dry cell -1 h -1 ) showed threefold higher specic ethanol production rate than the α-amylase-displaying non- occulent yeast strain (0.06 g g-dry cell -1 h -1 ). ... α-amylase is 10 -6 m which is three orders of magnitude lower than the secreted α-amylase with a diam- eter of 10 -9 m (typical diameter of globular proteins) an...

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... LLC 126 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels DP and increases the bulk density. Sometimes, the surface area of the treated mate- rial can decrease due to agglomeration of the particles and collapse of ... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 124 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels Most potential substrates for cellulose bioconversion are heavily lignied. Thus, most of the ce...

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... Vignon. 1991. Saccharication of steam-exploded pop- lar wood. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 38: 130 8 131 7. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 164 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels 11.3.1 fa c t o r S ... effect of initial pore size and lignin content on the enzymatic hydrolysis of softwood. Biores. Technol. 64: 113 119. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 168 Handbook...

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... Minami 2005). There- fore, there are no limitations of mass transfer on the reaction, allowing it to proceed © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 216 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels in a very ... LLC 218 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels MPa), compared with one-step transesterication, but higher temperature results in faster hydrolysis (Figure 15.5). In the hydro...

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... from MPOB (2005). e LPPP, low-pour-point palm oil diesel. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 228 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels biodiesel with pour point of 15ºC, which can only be used ... Friction 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.235 0.22 0.234 0.185 0.205 0.199 FIGURE16.10 Coefcient of friction for lubricants contaminated with various fuel at con- stant load of 50 Nm. © 2009 by...

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